Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Int J Pharm. 2022 Feb 25;614:121458. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121458. Epub 2022 Jan 10.
For successful translation of targeting nanomedicines from bench to bedside, it is vital to address their most common drawbacks namely rapid clearance and off-target accumulation. These complications evidently originate from a phenomenon called "protein corona (PC) formation" around the surface of targeting nanoparticles (NPs) which happens once they encounter the bloodstream and interact with plasma proteins with high collision frequency. This phenomenon endows the targeting nanomedicines with a different biological behavior followed by an unexpected fate, which is usually very different from what we commonly observe in vitro. In addition to the inherent physiochemical properties of NPs, the targeting ligands could also remarkably dictate the amount and type of adsorbed PC. As very limited studies have focused their attention on this particular factor, the present review is tasked to discuss the best simulated environment and latest characterization techniques applied to PC analysis. The effect of PC on the biological behavior of targeting NPs engineered with different targeting moieties is further discussed. Ultimately, the recent progresses in manipulation of nano-bio interfaces to achieve the most favorite therapeutic outcome are highlighted.
为了成功地将靶向纳米药物从实验室转化到临床应用，解决它们最常见的缺陷（即快速清除和非靶向积累）至关重要。这些并发症显然源于一种称为“靶向纳米粒子（NPs）表面的蛋白质冠（PC）形成”的现象，一旦它们遇到血液并与血浆蛋白以高碰撞频率相互作用，就会发生这种现象。这种现象赋予了靶向纳米药物不同的生物学行为，随后是意想不到的命运，这通常与我们在体外通常观察到的情况非常不同。除了 NPs 的固有物理化学性质外，靶向配体还可以显著决定吸附 PC 的数量和类型。由于非常有限的研究关注了这一特殊因素，本综述的任务是讨论应用于 PC 分析的最佳模拟环境和最新表征技术。进一步讨论了 PC 对不同靶向部分设计的靶向 NPs 的生物学行为的影响。最后，强调了在纳米生物界面的操作方面的最新进展，以实现最理想的治疗效果。
