Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel (UZB), University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 40, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.
Division for Cariology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Clin Oral Investig. 2022 Mar;26(3):2909-2919. doi: 10.1007/s00784-021-04273-0. Epub 2022 Jan 11.
To evaluate interdental biofilm reduction and composition after powered toothbrushing with a side-to-side (sonic) toothbrush compared to manual toothbrushing following single brushing exercises in periodontally healthy young adults.
All participants brushed with a side-to-side toothbrush without toothpaste in four different modes: toothbrush (a) inactivated without instruction (OFF-NI), (b) activated without instruction (ON-NI), (c) inactivated with instruction (OFF-I), and (d) activated with instruction (ON-I) at consecutive visits (single brushing exercises). Before and after brushing, the Approximal Plaque Index (API) was assessed at three interdental spaces and plaque samples were taken from two interdental sites. Biofilm reduction and composition were analyzed microbiologically by total bacterial load and 16S rRNA sequencing.
Thirty participants (age: 22.9 ± 2.5 years) completed the study. Most participants showed no or incomplete plaque removal assessed by API following single brushing exercises, while the frequency of API reduction was higher after ON-NI compared to OFF-I (p = 0.023). Irrespective of the brushing mode, a significant reduction of total bacterial load was detected with lower bacterial counts after OFF-NI compared to ON-NI (p = 0.008) and ON-I (p = 0.007). Biofilm composition showed slight changes in the relative abundances of bacterial taxa, regardless of the brushing mode.
Manual and powered toothbrushing with a side-to-side toothbrush, with and without instruction, showed incomplete interdental biofilm removal in periodontally healthy young adults following single brushing exercises.
Data has to be validated in further studies on other groups, however, in periodontally healthy young adults, additional devices seem to be necessary for sufficient interdental cleaning.
评估牙周健康的年轻成年人在单次刷牙后，使用左右（声波）电动牙刷进行功率刷牙与手动刷牙相比，牙间生物膜减少和组成的情况。
所有参与者在四个不同模式下使用左右牙刷刷牙，不使用牙膏：（a）无指令激活（ON-NI）、（b）无指令失活（OFF-NI）、（c）有指令失活（OFF-I）和（d）有指令激活（ON-I），连续访问（单次刷牙练习）。刷牙前后，在三个牙间隙评估近中菌斑指数（API），并从两个牙间隙采集菌斑样本。通过总细菌负荷和 16S rRNA 测序对生物膜减少和组成进行微生物分析。
30 名参与者（年龄：22.9±2.5 岁）完成了研究。大多数参与者在单次刷牙练习后 API 评估显示无或不完全的牙菌斑去除，而 ON-NI 后 API 减少的频率高于 OFF-I（p=0.023）。无论刷牙模式如何，总细菌负荷均显著降低，OFF-NI 后细菌计数明显低于 ON-NI（p=0.008）和 ON-I（p=0.007）。生物膜组成显示，无论刷牙模式如何，细菌分类群的相对丰度都有轻微变化。
在牙周健康的年轻成年人中，单次刷牙练习后，使用左右电动牙刷手动和动力刷牙，无论是否有指导，牙间生物膜的去除都不完全。
在其他人群的进一步研究中需要验证这些数据，但是在牙周健康的年轻成年人中，需要额外的设备来进行充分的牙间清洁。
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