Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2022 Apr;19(2):121-129. doi: 10.1111/wvn.12559. Epub 2022 Jan 12.
Postpartum depression is one of the most common psychological disorders of women after childbirth. Despite the importance of social support as an influencing factor, there have been few studies on the trends and characteristics of social support as it relates to postpartum depression.
To explore the trends in postpartum depression and social support, to cross-analyze the correlation between the postpartum depression trajectory and the social support trajectory, and to investigate predictors of changes in postpartum depression trajectories.
A prospective repeated-measure study and convenience sampling were used to recruit 230 women at 1, 3, and 6 months after childbirth. Structured questionnaires were used for data collection. Trajectory analysis was used to explore the trajectories of postpartum depression and social support during the 6 months after childbirth, and polynomial logistic regression was used to explore predictors of the trajectory of postpartum depression.
Postpartum depression was at its most serious in the third month after childbirth, showing patterns of low-risk, moderate-risk, and high-risk trajectories. Social support also showed low, moderate, and high patterns, and the trajectory of postpartum depression was significantly related to the trajectory of social support. The predictors of moderate-risk and high-risk postpartum depression were also found in this study.
Postpartum mental health education and online learning systems should be used to increase social support for women after childbirth and reduce the incidence of postpartum depression.
产后抑郁症是女性产后最常见的心理障碍之一。尽管社会支持作为一个影响因素很重要，但很少有研究关注与产后抑郁症相关的社会支持的趋势和特征。
探讨产后抑郁症和社会支持的趋势，交叉分析产后抑郁症轨迹和社会支持轨迹之间的相关性，并探讨产后抑郁症轨迹变化的预测因素。
采用前瞻性重复测量研究和便利抽样方法，在产后 1、3 和 6 个月招募 230 名妇女。使用结构化问卷进行数据收集。轨迹分析用于探讨产后 6 个月内产后抑郁症和社会支持的轨迹，多项式逻辑回归用于探讨产后抑郁症轨迹的预测因素。
产后抑郁症在产后第三个月最为严重，呈现低危、中危和高危轨迹模式。社会支持也呈现出低、中、高模式，产后抑郁症的轨迹与社会支持的轨迹显著相关。本研究还发现了中危和高危产后抑郁症的预测因素。
应利用产后心理健康教育和在线学习系统，增加对产妇的社会支持，降低产后抑郁症的发生率。
