Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Microbiol Spectr. 2022 Feb 23;10(1):e0147521. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01475-21. Epub 2022 Jan 12.
Mycobacterium kansasii, an important opportunistic pathogen of humans, causes serious pulmonary disease. Sixty M. kansasii isolates were collected for investigating the clinical characteristics of patients with M. kansasii infections as well as drug susceptibility and genotypes of M. kansasii. More than 90% of the patients infected with M. kansasii were from eastern China. According to the internal transcribed spacers (ITS), , , and , all M. kansasii isolates were classified as molecular type I, irrespective of the disease manifestation. Sixty M. kansasii isolates from China were diverse and separated into four branches. Pairwise average nucleotide identity (ANI) values for M. kansasii isolates affiliated with different genotypes were more than 85%. The earliest isolate was isolated from Jiangsu in 1983. Of the isolates, 78.3% (47/60) were isolated since 1999. All isolates were sensitive to rifabutin. All but one isolate was sensitive to clarithromycin. Sensitivity rates to rifampin, amikacin, moxifloxacin, and linezolid were 80.0%, 90.0%, 88.3%, and 91.7%, respectively. A high rate of resistance was noted for ciprofloxacin (44 isolates, 73.3%) and ethambutol (46 isolates, 76.7%). Compared with M. tuberculosis H37Rv, 12 mutations of were observed in all M. kansasii isolates. All these 60 M. kansasii isolates shared identical sequences of , , , , , , , and . In conclusion, M. kansasii isolates are exhibiting greater genetic diversity globally. The resistance mechanism of M. kansasii is not necessarily related to gene mutation. M. kansasii type I is the main genotype spreading worldwide. The molecular history of the global spread of type I isolates remains largely unclear. We conducted a detailed analysis of genomic evolution of global M. kansasii isolates. Our results suggest that M. kansasii isolates exhibit greater genetic diversity globally.
堪萨斯分枝杆菌是一种重要的人类机会致病菌，可引起严重的肺部疾病。为了研究堪萨斯分枝杆菌感染患者的临床特征、药物敏感性和分枝杆菌基因型，我们收集了 60 株堪萨斯分枝杆菌分离株。超过 90%的感染堪萨斯分枝杆菌的患者来自中国东部。根据内部转录间隔区（ITS）、、、和，所有堪萨斯分枝杆菌分离株均被分类为分子型 I，无论疾病表现如何。来自中国的 60 株堪萨斯分枝杆菌分离株多样，分为四个分支。不同基因型的堪萨斯分枝杆菌分离株的成对平均核苷酸同一性（ANI）值均大于 85%。最早的分离株于 1983 年从江苏分离得到。在这 60 株分离株中，78.3%（47/60）自 1999 年以来被分离。所有分离株均对利福布汀敏感。除 1 株外，所有分离株对克拉霉素敏感。对利福平、阿米卡星、莫西沙星和利奈唑胺的敏感性率分别为 80.0%、90.0%、88.3%和 91.7%。对环丙沙星（44 株，73.3%）和乙胺丁醇（46 株，76.7%）的耐药率较高。与结核分枝杆菌 H37Rv 相比，所有 60 株堪萨斯分枝杆菌分离株均观察到 12 个突变。所有这些 60 株堪萨斯分枝杆菌分离株的、、、、、、和共享相同的序列。总之，堪萨斯分枝杆菌分离株在全球范围内表现出更大的遗传多样性。堪萨斯分枝杆菌的耐药机制不一定与基因突变有关。堪萨斯分枝杆菌 I 型是全球传播的主要基因型。I 型分离株全球传播的分子史在很大程度上仍不清楚。我们对全球堪萨斯分枝杆菌分离株的基因组进化进行了详细分析。我们的结果表明，堪萨斯分枝杆菌分离株在全球范围内表现出更大的遗传多样性。
