Meguro Ayami, Ohara Yuki, Iwasaki Masanori, Edahiro Ayako, Shirobe Maki, Igarashi Kentaro, Motokawa Keiko, Ito Masayasu, Watanabe Yutaka, Kawai Yasuhiko, Hirano Hirohiko
Removable Prosthodontics, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba, Japan.
Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
J Dent Sci. 2022 Jan;17(1):500-506. doi: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.07.022. Epub 2021 Aug 11.
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Dentures are important for the reconstruction of occlusal support and masticatory performance for older adults with poor dentition. We aimed to elucidate the oral health factors associated with malnutrition in older adults requiring long-term care, including denture use.
This cross-sectional study included 322 older adults (63 men, 259 women; mean age, 86.6 ± 6.9 years) who required long-term care in rural Japan. The participant's nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA®-SF). Oral health was assessed using participant's dentition and oral function. Barthel Index (BI) and medical history were measured for assessing general health status. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the oral health factors associated with malnutrition.
The proportion of participants with malnutrition was 17.2%. The BI score (odds ratio [OR], 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.93-0.98, <0.001), having <20 teeth and dentures (OR 0.42; 95%CI 0.18-0.99; = 0.047), and poor lip-closure ability (OR 2.86; 95%CI 1.32-6.20; = 0.008) were significantly associated with malnutrition.
Denture use, lip-closure ability, and activities of daily living were significantly associated with malnutrition in older adults requiring long-term care, suggesting that wearing dentures for tooth loss and maintaining oral function contributes to nutritional status.
背景/目的：假牙对于牙列不佳的老年人重建咬合支持和咀嚼功能非常重要。我们旨在阐明与需要长期护理的老年人营养不良相关的口腔健康因素，包括假牙的使用情况。
这项横断面研究纳入了322名在日本农村需要长期护理的老年人（63名男性，259名女性；平均年龄86.6±6.9岁）。使用微型营养评定简表（MNA®-SF）评估参与者的营养状况。通过参与者的牙列和口腔功能评估口腔健康状况。测量巴氏指数（BI）和病史以评估总体健康状况。进行多因素逻辑回归分析以确定与营养不良相关的口腔健康因素。
营养不良参与者的比例为17.2%。BI评分（优势比[OR]，0.95；95%置信区间[CI]0.93 - 0.98，<0.001）、牙齿和假牙数量少于20颗（OR 0.42；95%CI 0.18 - 0.99；P = 0.047）以及唇部闭合能力差（OR 2.86；95%CI 1.32 - 6.20；P = 0.008）与营养不良显著相关。
在需要长期护理的老年人中，假牙使用、唇部闭合能力和日常生活活动与营养不良显著相关，这表明佩戴假牙修复牙齿缺失并维持口腔功能有助于营养状况。
