Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
Department of Psychiatry, Hidaka Hospital, Gobo, Japan.
Neuropsychobiology. 2022;81(3):204-214. doi: 10.1159/000521102. Epub 2022 Jan 14.
The hippocampus is relevant to cognitive function in schizophrenia (SCZ) and mood disorder patients. Although not anatomically uniform, it is clearly divided into subfields. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between hippocampal subfield volume and cognitive function in patients with SCZ, bipolar disorder (BP), and major depressive disorder (MDD).
The study included 21 patients with SCZ, 22 with BP, and 21 with MDD and 25 healthy controls (HCs). Neurocognitive function was assessed using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia. We obtained hippocampal subfield volumes using FreeSurfer 6.0. We compared the volumes of the hippocampal subfield between the 4 groups and ascertained correlation between the cognitive composite score and hippocampal subfield volume in each group.
The SCZ group had significantly lower cognitive composite score than the BP, MDD, and HC groups. In the SCZ group, the left and right hippocampus-amygdala transition area and right subiculum and right presubiculum volumes were significantly reduced compared to those in the HC group. The left presubiculum volumes in the SCZ group were significantly reduced compared to those in the MDD group. Subfield volumes did not significantly differ between the BP, MDD, and HC groups. Interestingly, in the SCZ group, volumes of the right CA1, right molecular layer of the hippocampus, and right granule cell and molecular layer of the dentate gyrus were significantly correlated with the cognitive composite score.
Patients with SCZ had poorer cognitive function, which is related to their hippocampal pathology, than those with mood disorders.
海马体与精神分裂症（SCZ）和心境障碍患者的认知功能相关。尽管海马体在解剖学上并不均匀，但它显然可以分为亚区。本研究旨在阐明 SCZ、双相障碍（BP）和重度抑郁症（MDD）患者的海马体亚区体积与认知功能之间的关系。
本研究纳入了 21 例 SCZ 患者、22 例 BP 患者、21 例 MDD 患者和 25 名健康对照者（HCs）。使用Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia 评估神经认知功能。我们使用 FreeSurfer 6.0 获得海马体亚区体积。我们比较了 4 组之间的海马体亚区体积，并确定了每组中认知综合评分与海马体亚区体积之间的相关性。
与 BP、MDD 和 HC 组相比，SCZ 组的认知综合评分显著降低。与 HC 组相比，SCZ 组的左侧和右侧海马体-杏仁核过渡区以及右侧内嗅皮质和右侧前下托体积显著减小。与 MDD 组相比，SCZ 组的左侧前下托体积显著减小。BP、MDD 和 HC 组之间的亚区体积没有显著差异。有趣的是，在 SCZ 组中，右侧 CA1、右侧海马分子层以及右侧颗粒细胞和齿状回分子层的体积与认知综合评分显著相关。
与心境障碍患者相比，SCZ 患者的认知功能较差，这与其海马体病理学有关。
