Donovan Mark O, Pickard Judith A, Herbert Jane S, Barkus Emma
School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Mindfulness (N Y). 2022;13(4):801-820. doi: 10.1007/s12671-021-01799-y. Epub 2022 Jan 8.
While mindfulness-based parenting programs (MPPs) are increasingly popular for reducing child behavior problems, the evidence for the advantages of MPP over existing behavioral parent training is unclear. Existing systematic reviews have largely excluded the breadth of MPP protocols, including those that integrate behavioral skills components. Therefore, a scoping review was conducted to map the nature and extent of research on MPPs for parents of children aged 3 to 12 years with behavioral problems.
PRISMA-ScR guidelines were used to conduct an encompassing peer literature review of cross-disciplinary databases. Studies were included if they reported mindfulness interventions for parents of children aged between 3 and 12 years with externalizing behavior problems and had an outcome measure of child behavioral problems that could be represented as an effect size. Randomized controlled trials as well as quasi-experimental, pre-post studies and unpublished dissertations were included.
Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria ( = 1362). The majority of MPPs delivered mindfulness adapted to parenting based on the Bögels' protocol within clinical settings. There was a dearth of fully integrated mindfulness and behavioral programs. MPPs generally produced pre-to-post-intervention improvements with small effect sizes across child behavior and parent style, stress, and mindfulness measures. Examining longer follow-up periods compared to pre-intervention, effects reached a moderate size across most outcome measures.
MPPs continue to show promise in improving child behavior and parental mindfulness, well-being, and style. Further research is needed to determine how to best leverage the advantages of mindfulness in augmenting the well-established effectiveness of behavioral programs.
虽然基于正念的育儿项目（MPP）在减少儿童行为问题方面越来越受欢迎，但MPP相对于现有的行为家长培训的优势证据尚不清楚。现有的系统评价在很大程度上排除了MPP方案的广度，包括那些整合了行为技能成分的方案。因此，进行了一项范围综述，以梳理针对3至12岁有行为问题儿童的家长的MPP研究的性质和范围。
采用PRISMA-ScR指南对跨学科数据库进行全面的同行文献综述。如果研究报告了针对3至12岁有外化行为问题儿童的家长的正念干预措施，并且有可表示为效应大小的儿童行为问题结果测量指标，则纳入研究。纳入随机对照试验以及准实验、前后对照研究和未发表的论文。
16项研究符合纳入标准（n = 1362）。大多数MPP在临床环境中提供基于博格斯方案的适合育儿的正念。缺乏完全整合的正念和行为项目。MPP通常在干预前后对儿童行为、家长风格、压力和正念测量产生小效应大小的改善。与干预前相比，在更长的随访期内进行检查，大多数结果测量指标的效应达到中等大小。
MPP在改善儿童行为以及家长的正念、幸福感和风格方面继续显示出前景。需要进一步研究以确定如何最好地利用正念的优势来增强行为项目已确立的有效性。
