College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
PLoS One. 2022 Jan 20;17(1):e0261537. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261537. eCollection 2022.
Mental health is a major public health issue that affects social development. This study aims to explore the psychological state of residents of Hainan Island and its influencing factors during the COVID-19 pandemic and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of psychological counseling measures to be used after the pandemic. We used the nonprobability snowball sampling method to conduct an online survey from February 21 to February 28, 2020, and collected a sample of 533 respondents. Using a binary logistic regression model and network analysis, the psychological state of residents and the main factors were analyzed during the concentrated outbreak of COVID-19 (from January 20 to February 16, 2020). The study found that during the pandemic, 92.7% of the respondents were in a poor state of mind, and 54.2% experienced severe psychological stress. The mental state is spatially expressed as a pattern of "high in the middle and low in the surroundings." Second, within the four-week sample, the overall psychological tension showed an inverted U-shaped trend. Respondents feeling stressed were most common in the second week, when they accounted for 87.99% of the total. Third, individual characteristics such as gender, age, fixed expenditure, and family size significantly affect the mental state. Women, the elderly, residents with fixed expenditures, and residents with large families are at greater risk of psychological stress. Finally, external factors such as the distance between residents and the location of cases and the node degree of the pandemic transmission network have a significant impact on the psychological state. However, residents in the least developed areas of Hainan Island, which are far away from active cases and have a low node degree, are more prone to psychological pressure. The government needs to pay special attention to these groups when constructing a long-term mechanism of psychological crisis intervention and increase public health resource investment in underdeveloped areas.
心理健康是影响社会发展的重大公共卫生问题。本研究旨在探讨 COVID-19 大流行期间海南岛居民的心理状态及其影响因素，为制定大流行后心理咨询措施提供科学依据。我们采用非概率雪球抽样法，于 2020 年 2 月 21 日至 2 月 28 日进行了在线调查，共收集了 533 名受访者的样本。使用二元逻辑回归模型和网络分析，分析了 COVID-19 集中爆发期间（2020 年 1 月 20 日至 2 月 16 日）居民的心理状态和主要影响因素。研究发现，疫情期间，92.7%的受访者心态不佳，54.2%的受访者经历了严重的心理压力。心理状态在空间上呈现出“中间高，四周低”的模式。其次，在四周的样本中，整体心理紧张呈倒 U 形趋势。感到压力的受访者在第二周最为常见，占总数的 87.99%。第三，个体特征如性别、年龄、固定支出和家庭规模对心理状态有显著影响。女性、老年人、有固定支出的居民和大家庭的居民面临更大的心理压力风险。最后，居民与病例的距离和疫情传播网络的节点度等外部因素对心理状态有显著影响。然而，海南岛欠发达地区的居民距离活跃病例较远，节点度较低，更容易承受心理压力。政府在构建长期心理危机干预机制时，需要特别关注这些群体，并增加对欠发达地区的公共卫生资源投入。
