Di Pasqua Laura Giuseppina, Cagna Marta, Berardo Clarissa, Vairetti Mariapia, Ferrigno Andrea
Unit of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Biomedicines. 2022 Jan 17;10(1):194. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10010194.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are some of the biggest public health challenges due to their spread and increasing incidence around the world. NAFLD is characterized by intrahepatic lipid deposition, accompanied by dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance, leading to more serious complications. Among the various causes, drug administration for the treatment of numerous kinds of diseases, such as antiarrhythmic and antihypertensive drugs, promotes the onset and progression of steatosis, causing drug-induced hepatic steatosis (DIHS). Here, we reviewed in detail the major classes of drugs that cause DIHS and the specific molecular mechanisms involved in these processes. Eight classes of drugs, among the most used for the treatment of common pathologies, were considered. The most diffused mechanism whereby drugs can induce NAFLD/NASH is interfering with mitochondrial activity, inhibiting fatty acid oxidation, but other pathways involved in lipid homeostasis are also affected. PubMed research was performed to obtain significant papers published up to November 2021. The key words included the class of drugs, or the specific compound, combined with steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, fatty liver and hepatic lipid deposition. Additional information was found in the citations listed in other papers, when they were not displayed in the original search.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）是一些重大的公共卫生挑战，因为它们在全球范围内不断蔓延且发病率日益上升。NAFLD的特征是肝内脂质沉积，伴有血脂异常、高血压和胰岛素抵抗，会导致更严重的并发症。在各种病因中，用于治疗多种疾病的药物，如抗心律失常药和抗高血压药，会促进脂肪变性的发生和发展，导致药物性肝脂肪变性（DIHS）。在此，我们详细综述了导致DIHS的主要药物类别以及这些过程中涉及的具体分子机制。我们考虑了用于治疗常见病症的八类最常用药物。药物诱导NAFLD/NASH最普遍的机制是干扰线粒体活性、抑制脂肪酸氧化，但脂质稳态中涉及的其他途径也会受到影响。我们进行了PubMed检索，以获取截至2021年11月发表的重要论文。关键词包括药物类别或特定化合物，以及脂肪变性、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、纤维化、脂肪肝和肝脂质沉积。当原始检索中未显示时，我们在其他论文列出的参考文献中找到了更多信息。
