Ren Qiong, Yuan Jihong, Wang Jinping, Liu Xin, Ma Shilin, Zhou Liyin, Miao Lujun, Zhang Jinchi
Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Wetland Ecological Resources Research Center, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China.
Microorganisms. 2022 Jan 9;10(1):131. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10010131.
Although microorganisms play a key role in the carbon cycle of the Poyang Lake wetland, the relationship between soil microbial community structure and organic carbon characteristics is unknown. Herein, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to explore the effects of water level (low and high levels above the water table) and vegetation types ( and ) on microbial community characteristics in the Poyang Lake wetland, and the relationships between soil microbial and organic carbon characteristics were revealed. The results showed that water level had a significant effect on organic carbon characteristics, and that soil total nitrogen, organic carbon, recombinant organic carbon, particle organic carbon, and microbial biomass carbon were higher at low levels above the water table. A positive correlation was noted between soil water content and organic carbon characteristics. Water level and vegetation type significantly affected soil bacterial and fungal diversity, with water level exerting a higher effect than vegetation type. The impacts of water level and vegetation type were higher on fungi than on bacteria. The bacterial diversity and evenness were significantly higher at high levels above the water table, whereas an opposite trend was noted among fungi. The bacterial and fungal richness in community soil was higher than that in community soil. Although both water level and vegetation type had significant effects on bacterial and fungal community structures, the water level had a higher impact than vegetation type. The bacterial and fungal community changes were the opposite at different water levels but remained the same in different vegetation soils. The organic carbon characteristics of wetland soil were negatively correlated with bacterial diversity but positively correlated with fungal diversity. Soil water content, soluble organic carbon, C/N, and microbial biomass carbon were the key soil factors affecting the wetland microbial community. Acidobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Gammaproteobacteria, and Eurotiomycetes were the key microbiota affecting the soil carbon cycle in the Poyang Lake wetland. Thus, water and carbon sources were the limiting factors for bacteria and fungi in wetlands with low soil water content (30%). Hence, the results provided a theoretical basis for understanding the microbial-driven mechanism of the wetland carbon cycle.
虽然微生物在鄱阳湖湿地的碳循环中起着关键作用，但土壤微生物群落结构与有机碳特征之间的关系尚不清楚。在此，利用高通量测序技术探讨了水位（地下水位以上的低水位和高水位）和植被类型（以及）对鄱阳湖湿地微生物群落特征的影响，并揭示了土壤微生物与有机碳特征之间的关系。结果表明，水位对有机碳特征有显著影响，地下水位以上低水位时土壤全氮、有机碳、重组有机碳、颗粒有机碳和微生物生物量碳含量较高。土壤含水量与有机碳特征之间呈正相关。水位和植被类型显著影响土壤细菌和真菌多样性，其中水位的影响高于植被类型。水位和植被类型对真菌的影响比对细菌的影响更大。地下水位以上高水位时细菌多样性和均匀度显著更高，而真菌则呈现相反趋势。群落土壤中的细菌和真菌丰富度高于群落土壤。虽然水位和植被类型对细菌和真菌群落结构均有显著影响，但水位的影响高于植被类型。不同水位下细菌和真菌群落变化相反，但不同植被土壤中的变化保持一致。湿地土壤有机碳特征与细菌多样性呈负相关，但与真菌多样性呈正相关。土壤含水量、可溶性有机碳、碳氮比和微生物生物量碳是影响湿地微生物群落的关键土壤因子。酸杆菌门、α-变形菌纲、疣微菌门、γ-变形菌纲和散囊菌纲是影响鄱阳湖湿地土壤碳循环的关键微生物群。因此，水和碳源是土壤含水量低（30%）的湿地中细菌和真菌的限制因素。因此，研究结果为理解湿地碳循环的微生物驱动机制提供了理论依据。
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