National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Moscow.
Bakulev National Medical Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow.
Kardiologiia. 2021 Dec 31;61(12):59-65. doi: 10.18087/cardio.2021.12.n1643.
Aim To analyze the dynamics of mortality from arterial hypertension (AH) between 2013 and 2019.Material and methods Arterial hypertension (AH) is one of the most common diseases. At the same time, there are no unified international criteria for establishing the primary cause of death from AH. Data were studied for the period between the end of the program for modernization of health care and the start of the Federal Project "Program for combatting cardiovascular diseases". Data for 2013-2019 by AH-related codes were provided by the Federal Service of State Statistics on request via the C15 form, "Mortality by gender and one-year age groups". A standardized mortality ratio, its mean value, standard deviation, and a coefficient of variation were determined for each "cause". The standardized mortality ratio was calculated using the European standard.Results In Russia during the studied period, the standardized mortality ratio for the death from AH yearly decreased (1.7 times for 6 years; the standardized mortality ratio decreased 1.15 times). However, only in 7 regions, the standardized mortality ratio yearly decreased while in the other regions of the Russian Federation, the standardized mortality ratio changed wavily. In 17 regions of the Russian Federation, the standardized mortality ratio increased in 2019 compared to 2013, including the 31.7 time increase in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. In the Penza Region and the Republic of Kalmykia in 2018, there were no cases of death related with AH. The highest value of the standardized mortality ratio was observed in the Chukotka Autonomous District in 2019 (85.13 per 100,000 population) and the lowest value was observed in the Penza Region (0.14 per 100,000 population). The ratio of maximal to minimal values of the standardized mortality ratio was 622. The coefficient of variation for regional standardized mortality ratios increased by 42.3 % (from 86.8 to 123.5 %).Conclusion Although the standardized mortality ratio for death from AH, in general, decreased in the Russian Federation, Russian regions showed variable dynamics and a high variability of the standardized mortality ratio. The study results together with results of international studies showed that differences in standardized mortality ratios for death from AH are largely due to different approaches to determining the primary cause of death. An international consensus on the terminology and criteria for determining the primary cause of death is required.
分析 2013 年至 2019 年期间动脉高血压（AH）死亡率的动态变化。
动脉高血压（AH）是最常见的疾病之一。同时，对于 AH 导致死亡的主要原因，还没有统一的国际标准。该研究的数据来源于医疗保健现代化计划结束和联邦项目“心血管疾病防治计划”开始之间的时期。根据 AH 相关代码，请求联邦国家统计局通过 C15 表格提供了 2013 年至 2019 年的数据，“按性别和一年龄组划分的死亡率”。对于每个“死因”，确定标准化死亡率、平均值、标准差和变异系数。使用欧洲标准计算标准化死亡率。
在研究期间，俄罗斯的 AH 死亡率每年都呈下降趋势（6 年下降 1.7 倍；标准化死亡率下降 1.15 倍）。然而，只有在 7 个地区，标准化死亡率每年都在下降，而在俄罗斯联邦的其他地区，标准化死亡率呈波动变化。在俄罗斯联邦的 17 个地区，2019 年的标准化死亡率与 2013 年相比有所增加，包括北奥塞梯-阿兰共和国增加了 31.7 倍。在 2018 年，奔萨州和卡尔梅克共和国没有与 AH 相关的死亡案例。2019 年，楚科奇自治区的标准化死亡率最高（每 10 万人中有 85.13 人），而奔萨州的标准化死亡率最低（每 10 万人中有 0.14 人）。标准化死亡率的最高值与最低值之比为 622。地区标准化死亡率的变异系数增加了 42.3%（从 86.8 增加到 123.5）。
尽管俄罗斯联邦的 AH 死亡率总体呈下降趋势，但俄罗斯各地区的动态变化和标准化死亡率的高度变异性。研究结果与国际研究结果一致，表明 AH 死亡率的标准化死亡率差异主要归因于确定主要死因的方法不同。需要就确定主要死因的术语和标准达成国际共识。
