Programa de Tortugas Marinas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Av. Universitarios S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiacán Rosales, Sinaloa, 80013, México.
Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Av. Universitarios S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiacán Rosales, Sinaloa, 80013, México.
Environ Monit Assess. 2022 Jan 28;194(2):130. doi: 10.1007/s10661-022-09792-1.
The olive ridley turtle, Lepidochelys olivacea, is a vulnerable and endangered species according to the IUCN and Mexican Official Standard NOM-059, respectively. On most solitary nesting beaches of olive ridley turtles, the eggs are removed from the in situ nest to hatcheries due to the high incidence of predation, human poaching, and beach erosion; therefore, it is necessary to collect and analyze information on the protection activities conducted for this species from egg laying to hatchling release. In general, protection activities during nest management can be divided into 5 phases: nest logging (F1), egg collection (F2), egg transfer (F3), egg incubation and hatching (F4), and hatchling release (F5). This work was carried out on two Pacific beaches in northwestern Mexico, Ceuta Beach Sanctuary (CBS) during 2013-2019 and Caimanero Beach (CB) during the 2013-2018 nesting seasons, with the objective of quantitatively evaluating the management phases of the protection program for olive ridley turtles by assessing the nest, egg, and hatchling losses in each of the phases using the model of Godínez-Domínguez et al. (1991). The results of the statistical analyses indicate that the greatest losses occurred during the incubation phase (F4) at both beaches, with a 41.99% loss at CBS and a 33.09% loss at CB, followed by the F2 (with 15.56 and 27.27% losses, respectively) and F1 (21.28 and 25.56% losses, respectively) phases. Significant differences between the beaches were observed in F4, F5 and F3, with greater losses at CBS than at CB, indicating that the success of the management phases may vary among beaches. The results obtained show that it is necessary to focus on strategies for improving the success of mainly phase F4 and phases F1 and F2 at both beaches.
绿海龟（Lepidochelys olivacea）是世界自然保护联盟（IUCN）和墨西哥官方标准 NOM-059 分别认定的易危和濒危物种。在大多数绿海龟的孤立筑巢海滩上，由于捕食、人类偷猎和海滩侵蚀的高发率，卵会从原位巢中取出并转移到孵化场，因此有必要收集和分析从产卵到孵化后释放幼龟的保护活动信息。通常，筑巢管理期间的保护活动可分为 5 个阶段：筑巢记录（F1）、卵收集（F2）、卵转移（F3）、卵孵化和孵化（F4）和孵化后释放（F5）。这项工作在墨西哥西北部的两个太平洋海滩上进行，Ceuta 海滩保护区（CBS）在 2013-2019 年期间，Caimanero 海滩（CB）在 2013-2018 年筑巢季节期间进行，目的是通过评估每个阶段的巢、卵和幼龟损失，使用 Godínez-Domínguez 等人（1991 年）的模型来定量评估绿海龟保护计划的管理阶段。统计分析结果表明，在两个海滩上，孵化阶段（F4）的损失最大，CBS 为 41.99%，CB 为 33.09%，其次是 F2（分别为 15.56%和 27.27%）和 F1（分别为 21.28%和 25.56%）阶段。F4、F5 和 F3 阶段海滩之间存在显著差异，CBS 的损失大于 CB，表明管理阶段的成功可能因海滩而异。所得结果表明，有必要重点关注提高两个海滩上主要阶段 F4 以及 F1 和 F2 阶段成功率的策略。
