Institute of Health Visiting, London, UK.
Public Health Nurs. 2022 Jul;39(4):820-830. doi: 10.1111/phn.13053. Epub 2022 Jan 31.
This focused review of evidence considers the impact of the pandemic in 2020 on families with children under 5 years in England, and the health visiting (HV) service that supports them. . Data were drawn from national surveys of health visitors (HVs) and parents, a freedom of information request of employers, published research, and national data. Framework analysis and triangulation, using the Key Elements of an effective HV service, were used to categorize the key findings. The findings from the review indicate that the impacts of the pandemic were wide-ranging and disproportionately affected the most disadvantaged families, increasing demand for HV support. HVs' ability to respond was compromised due to national policy decisions to partially stop the service and variations in local implementation including the redeployment of HVs, pre-existing workforce capacity issues, and the effectiveness of innovations to identify and support vulnerable families. The pandemic exacerbated factors that can lead to poorer outcomes for families. Key learning from the pandemic response, including the need to prioritize the HV service, must be acted upon to reduce ongoing impacts now and ensure that the service is equipped for future emergencies.
本次重点循证审查考虑了 2020 年大流行对英格兰 5 岁以下儿童家庭以及为其提供支持的健康访视（HV）服务的影响。数据来自 HV 和家长的全国性调查、对雇主的信息自由请求、已发表的研究以及国家数据。使用有效的 HV 服务的关键要素进行框架分析和三角测量，对主要发现进行分类。审查结果表明，大流行的影响范围广泛，对最弱势群体的家庭造成了不成比例的影响，增加了对 HV 支持的需求。由于国家政策决定部分停止该服务以及当地实施的差异（包括 HV 的重新部署、预先存在的劳动力能力问题以及识别和支持弱势家庭的创新措施的有效性），HV 应对疫情的能力受到了损害。大流行加剧了可能导致家庭状况恶化的因素。从大流行应对中吸取的关键经验教训，包括需要优先考虑 HV 服务，必须付诸实施，以减少当前的影响，并确保该服务为未来的紧急情况做好准备。
