Cheung Eric C, Vousden Karen H
The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
Nat Rev Cancer. 2022 May;22(5):280-297. doi: 10.1038/s41568-021-00435-0. Epub 2022 Jan 31.
Eukaryotic cells have developed complex systems to regulate the production and response to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Different ROS control diverse aspects of cell behaviour from signalling to death, and deregulation of ROS production and ROS limitation pathways are common features of cancer cells. ROS also function to modulate the tumour environment, affecting the various stromal cells that provide metabolic support, a blood supply and immune responses to the tumour. Although it is clear that ROS play important roles during tumorigenesis, it has been difficult to reliably predict the effect of ROS modulating therapies. We now understand that the responses to ROS are highly complex and dependent on multiple factors, including the types, levels, localization and persistence of ROS, as well as the origin, environment and stage of the tumours themselves. This increasing understanding of the complexity of ROS in malignancies will be key to unlocking the potential of ROS-targeting therapies for cancer treatment.
真核细胞已经发展出复杂的系统来调节活性氧（ROS）的产生和对其的反应。不同的ROS控制着从信号传导到细胞死亡等细胞行为的各个方面，而ROS产生和ROS限制途径的失调是癌细胞的共同特征。ROS还起到调节肿瘤微环境的作用，影响为肿瘤提供代谢支持、血液供应和免疫反应的各种基质细胞。尽管很明显ROS在肿瘤发生过程中发挥着重要作用，但一直难以可靠地预测ROS调节疗法的效果。我们现在了解到，对ROS的反应高度复杂，并且取决于多种因素，包括ROS的类型、水平、定位和持续时间，以及肿瘤本身的起源、环境和阶段。对恶性肿瘤中ROS复杂性的这种日益深入的理解将是释放ROS靶向疗法治疗癌症潜力的关键。
