Department of General Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100050, China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex System, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, BeijingBeijing, 100190, China.
Mol Imaging Biol. 2022 Apr;24(2):264-279. doi: 10.1007/s11307-021-01688-9. Epub 2022 Jan 31.
With the application of mono-immunotherapy in cancer, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors, improved outcomes have been achieved. However, there are several limitations to immunotherapy, such as a poor response to the drugs, immune resistance, and immune-related adverse events. In recent years, studies of preclinical animal models and clinical trials have demonstrated that immune checkpoint inhibitors for breast cancer can significantly prolong the overall survival and quality of patients' lives. Meanwhile, combined immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment has attracted researchers' attention and showed great potential in the comprehensive treatment of breast cancer patients. Additionally, noninvasive imaging enables physicians to predict response to combined immunotherapeutic drugs, achieve treatment efficacy, and lead to better clinical management. Herein, we review the background of combined immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and summarize its targeted imaging as well as progress in noninvasive imaging aimed at evaluating therapeutic outcomes. Finally, we describe several factors that may influence the outcome of this combined immunotherapy, the future direction of medical imaging, and the potential application of artificial intelligence in breast cancer. With further development of noninvasive imaging for the guidance of combined immune checkpoint inhibitors, cures for this disease may be achieved.
随着单克隆免疫疗法在癌症中的应用，特别是免疫检查点抑制剂的应用，已经取得了更好的效果。然而，免疫疗法存在一些局限性，如药物反应差、免疫抵抗和免疫相关不良反应。近年来，临床前动物模型和临床试验研究表明，针对乳腺癌的免疫检查点抑制剂可以显著延长患者的总生存期和生活质量。同时，联合免疫检查点抑制剂治疗引起了研究人员的关注，并在乳腺癌患者的综合治疗中显示出巨大的潜力。此外，无创影像学使医生能够预测联合免疫治疗药物的反应，实现治疗效果，并实现更好的临床管理。在此，我们回顾了联合免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的背景，并总结了其靶向成像以及无创影像学评估治疗效果的进展。最后，我们描述了可能影响这种联合免疫治疗结果的几个因素、医学影像学的未来发展方向以及人工智能在乳腺癌中的潜在应用。随着联合免疫检查点抑制剂无创影像学的进一步发展，这种疾病的治愈可能会成为现实。
