School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, China.
School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
Future Med Chem. 2022 Mar;14(5):363-383. doi: 10.4155/fmc-2021-0289. Epub 2022 Feb 1.
NAD(P)H:quinine oxidoreductase (NQO1) is a class of flavoprotein enzymes commonly expressed in eukaryotic cells. It actively participates in the metabolism of various quinones and their bioactivation through electron reduction reactions. The expression level of NQO1 is highly upregulated in many solid tumor cells compared with that in normal cells. NQO1 has been considered a candidate molecular target because of its overexpression and bioactivity in different tumors. NQO1-responsive prodrugs and nanocarriers have recently been identified as effective objectives for achieving controlled drug release, reducing adverse reactions and improving clinical efficacy. This review systematically introduces the research advances in applying NQO1-responsive prodrugs and nanocarriers to cancer treatment. It also discusses the existing problems and the developmental prospects of these two antitumor drug delivery systems.
NAD(P)H: 醌氧化还原酶 (NQO1) 是一类普遍存在于真核细胞中的黄素蛋白酶。它通过电子还原反应积极参与各种醌类物质及其生物活化的代谢。与正常细胞相比，NQO1 在许多实体瘤细胞中的表达水平显著上调。由于在不同肿瘤中存在过表达和生物活性，NQO1 已被认为是候选的分子靶标。最近，人们发现 NQO1 响应型前药和纳米载体是实现药物控制释放、减少不良反应和提高临床疗效的有效目标。本综述系统地介绍了应用 NQO1 响应型前药和纳米载体进行癌症治疗的研究进展。还讨论了这两种抗肿瘤药物输送系统存在的问题和发展前景。
