Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225, Rzeszow, Poland.
Environ Geochem Health. 2022 Dec;44(12):4203-4218. doi: 10.1007/s10653-022-01206-y. Epub 2022 Feb 1.
Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate (TBC or TDBP-TAZTO) belongs to the group of brominated flame retardants (BFRs). The production of this compound is increasing due to the growing demand and wide application in electrical, electronic, musical instrument, and automotive component industries. The properties of TBC, e.g., the high octanol-air partition coefficient (Koa), high octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow), and high bioconcentration factor (BCF), indicate a possibility of its spread in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and bioaccumulation in living organisms. The presence of TBC has been confirmed in soil, sediments, river water, and such materials as microplastic, curtains, and e-waste devices. The compound has potential to bioaccumulate in the food chain of living organisms. TBC has been demonstrated to exert a harmful effect mainly on the nervous and endocrine systems, lungs, and liver. The possible mechanism of toxicity of the compound in the nervous system is based on the generation of oxidative stress by TBC leading to apoptosis of neuronal cells, while mitochondrial damage is considered to be responsible for changes in the respiratory organ. Moreover, the potential of mussels and earthworms to be bioindicators of TBC has been proven. Therefore, the literature review is focused on TBC properties and analysis of the identification and impact of the compound on the environment, living organisms, and human cell lines. Given the many toxic effects of TBC highlighted in the literature, there is a need for more profound research on the safety of TBC and methods for identification and degradation of this compound.
三（2，3-二溴丙基）异氰尿酸酯（TBC 或 TDBP-TAZTO）属于溴化阻燃剂（BFRs）的一类。由于需求的增长以及在电子、电气、乐器和汽车零部件行业的广泛应用，这种化合物的产量正在增加。TBC 的特性，例如高辛醇-空气分配系数（Koa）、高辛醇-水分配系数（Kow）和高生物浓缩系数（BCF），表明其有可能在水生和陆地生态系统中扩散，并在生物体中积累。TBC 已在土壤、沉积物、河水以及微塑料、窗帘和电子废物设备等材料中得到证实。该化合物有可能在生物体的食物链中积累。TBC 已被证明主要对神经系统和内分泌系统、肺部和肝脏有有害影响。该化合物在神经系统中的毒性的可能机制是 TBC 产生的氧化应激导致神经元细胞凋亡，而线粒体损伤被认为是呼吸器官变化的原因。此外，贻贝和蚯蚓已被证明是 TBC 的生物标志物。因此，文献综述主要集中在 TBC 的特性以及该化合物对环境、生物体和人类细胞系的识别和影响的分析上。鉴于文献中强调了 TBC 的许多毒性作用，需要对 TBC 的安全性以及识别和降解该化合物的方法进行更深入的研究。
