Shanahan Meghan E, Austin Anna E, Durrance Christine P, Martin Sandra L, Mercer Jeremy A, Runyan Desmond K, Runyan Carol W
From the Department of Maternal and Child Health, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; UNC Injury Prevention Research Center (IPRC), The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
From the Department of Maternal and Child Health, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; UNC Injury Prevention Research Center (IPRC), The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Am J Prev Med. 2022 May;62(5):727-734. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.11.020. Epub 2022 Jan 31.
Poverty broadly and financial stress owing to housing insecurity specifically are associated with an increased risk of child maltreatment. Therefore, it is possible that a program designed to increase access to affordable housing such as the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit program could reduce child maltreatment. The purpose of this study is to examine the association of the availability of housing units through the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program with the rates of child maltreatment reports, including reports for physical abuse and neglect, at the state and county levels.
Data were from the 2005‒2015 National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System and the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program database. Generalized estimating equations were conducted in 2021 to calculate rate ratios and 95% CIs, adjusting for relevant confounders.
At the state level, ≥25 compared with <25 Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program units per 100,000 population was associated with a lower rate of overall child maltreatment (i.e., neglect and physical abuse; rate ratio=0.96, 95% CI=0.93, 0.99), neglect (rate ratio=0.96, 95% CI=0.94, 0.99), and physical abuse (rate ratio=0.96, 95% CI=0.93, 1.00) reports. Similarly, at the county level, ≥1 compared with 0 Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program units per 100,000 population was associated with a lower rate of overall child maltreatment (rate ratio=0.94, 95% CI=0.92, 0.97), neglect (rate ratio=0.96, 95% CI=0.93, 0.98), and physical abuse (rate ratio=0.94, 95% CI=0.91, 0.98) reports.
Increasing access to affordable housing may be an effective strategy to reduce child maltreatment at both the state and county levels.
广泛的贫困以及因住房不安全导致的经济压力与儿童受虐待风险增加相关。因此，旨在增加经济适用房供应的项目，如低收入住房税收抵免项目，有可能减少儿童受虐待情况。本研究的目的是在州和县级层面，考察通过低收入住房税收抵免项目提供的住房单元数量与儿童虐待报告率之间的关联，包括身体虐待和忽视的报告率。
数据来自2005 - 2015年国家儿童虐待与忽视数据系统以及低收入住房税收抵免项目数据库。2021年进行了广义估计方程分析，以计算率比和95%置信区间，并对相关混杂因素进行了调整。
在州层面，每10万人口中低收入住房税收抵免项目单元≥25个与＜25个相比，总体儿童虐待（即忽视和身体虐待）报告率较低（率比 = 0.96，95%置信区间 = 0.93，0.99），忽视报告率（率比 = 0.96，95%置信区间 = 0.94，0.99），以及身体虐待报告率（率比 = 0.96，95%置信区间 = 0.93，1.00）。同样，在县级层面，每10万人口中低收入住房税收抵免项目单元≥1个与0个相比，总体儿童虐待报告率较低（率比 = 0.94，95%置信区间 = 0.92，0.97），忽视报告率（率比 = 0.96，95%置信区间 = 0.93，0.98），以及身体虐待报告率（率比 = 0.94，95%置信区间 = 0.91，0.98）。
增加经济适用房的可及性可能是在州和县级层面减少儿童虐待的有效策略。
