Kerai Sukhyanti, Singh Rahil, Saxena Kirti N, Desai Suraj D
Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Crit Care Med. 2022 Jan;26(1):76-84. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24071.
With the rise of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) cases globally, the infection among frontline healthcare workers (HCWs) escalates many folds. There is, however, limited literature from low middle-income countries regarding risk factors for COVID-19 infection in HCWs. We conducted a case-control study to evaluate the risk factors of COVID-19 infection to HCWs.
This case-control study was conducted in a designated COVID-19 hospital. Eighty-one HCWs involved in direct care of COVID-19 patients, identified as cases, and 266 were recruited as controls. Telephonic interviews with participants were conducted, and information regarding demographic variables, chemoprophylaxis, exposure to infected patients, and adherence to infection prevention and control (IPC) measures was collected.
We observed a statistically significant difference in the number of times training session for IPC measures attended by HCWs ( = 0.02), performance of aerosol-generating medical procedures (AGMPs) ( <0.001), practices of donning and doffing of personal protective equipment (PPE) ( <0.001), hand hygiene ( <0.001), and decontamination of highly touched surfaces ( <0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed if the decontamination of highly touched surfaces is decreased by one unit, the odds of getting COVID-19 infection is multiplied by a factor of 0.41 and AGMPs decrease the risk of being a case by 0.76.
This study highlighted that inadequate observation of IPC methods increases the risk of COVID-19 infection to frontline HCWs, whereas performance of AGMPs does not enhance the risk. In this study, HCWs undertaking an AGMP, because of concern of acquiring infection, were more diligent during procedures and hence had lesser infection.
Kerai S, Singh R, Saxena KN, Desai SD. Assessment of Risk Factors for Coronavirus Disease-2019 in Healthcare Workers: A Case-Control Study. Indian J Crit Care Med 2022;26(1):76-84.
随着全球2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）病例的增加，一线医护人员（HCW）的感染率呈数倍上升。然而，来自中低收入国家的关于医护人员感染COVID-19风险因素的文献有限。我们开展了一项病例对照研究，以评估医护人员感染COVID-19的风险因素。
本病例对照研究在一家指定的COVID-19医院进行。81名直接护理COVID-19患者的医护人员被确定为病例，266名医护人员被招募为对照。对参与者进行了电话访谈，并收集了有关人口统计学变量、化学预防、接触感染患者以及遵守感染预防与控制（IPC）措施的信息。
我们观察到医护人员参加IPC措施培训课程的次数（P = 0.02）、实施产生气溶胶的医疗操作（AGMP）（P < 0.001）、穿脱个人防护装备（PPE）的操作（P < 0.001）、手卫生（P < 0.001）以及对高频接触表面的消毒（P < 0.001）存在统计学显著差异。逻辑回归分析显示，如果高频接触表面的消毒减少一个单位，感染COVID-19的几率会乘以0.41的系数，而AGMP会使成为病例的风险降低0.76。
本研究强调，对IPC方法的观察不足会增加一线医护人员感染COVID-19的风险，而实施AGMP不会增加风险。在本研究中，由于担心感染而进行AGMP的医护人员在操作过程中更加勤勉，因此感染较少。
Kerai S, Singh R, Saxena KN, Desai SD. 医护人员中2019冠状病毒病风险因素的评估：一项病例对照研究。《印度重症监护医学杂志》2022；26(1):76 - 84。
