与阿曼马斯喀特省感染 COVID-19 的医护人员相关的风险因素。
Risk Factors Associated with COVID-19 Infected Healthcare Workers in Muscat Governorate, Oman.
机构信息
Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman.
出版信息
J Prim Care Community Health. 2021 Jan-Dec;12:2150132721995454. doi: 10.1177/2150132721995454.
INTRODUCTION
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly worldwide, causing a global public health crisis. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are vulnerable due to their role in the management of COVID-19 infected patients. As of June 2020, a total of 847 HCWs in Oman had reportedly contracted COVID-19, with an incidence rate of 1.47%. This study therefore aimed to identify factors associated with COVID-19 infection among HCWs in Muscat Governorate, Oman, as well as to evaluate adherence to infection prevention and control (IPC) measures.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study involved cases of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection among HCWs working under the Directorate General of Health Services of Muscat Governorate, Ministry of Health, between February and June 2020. Data regarding the participants' sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors, pre-existing medical conditions, and adherence to IPC measures were collected using a self-administered questionnaire distributed via a web-based mobile application.
RESULTS
A total of 126 HCWs with confirmed COVID-19 infection participated in the study. Of these, 72.2% were female, 53.2% worked in primary care facilities, and 61.1% were medical doctors or nurses. Only 18.1% were over 45 years of age and 30.2% had pre-existing medical conditions. While 29.4% had never received IPC training, the majority followed recommended hand hygiene practice (96.8%) and social distancing protocols (93.7%) and wore protective facemasks for routine patient care (96.9%).
CONCLUSION
While the majority of HCWs followed crucial IPC measures, one-third had never received specific IPC training or faced restrictions on PPE use. HCWs, including those in housekeeping and administrative functions are recommended to undergo rigorous IPC training. In addition, high-risk HCWs could be assigned duties away from active COVID 19 cases. It is recommended to restructure health facilities for better adherence to IPC standards.
简介
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）在全球迅速蔓延，造成全球公共卫生危机。医护人员（HCWs）由于在管理 COVID-19 感染患者方面的作用而处于脆弱状态。截至 2020 年 6 月，据报道，阿曼共有 847 名 HCWs 感染 COVID-19，发病率为 1.47%。因此，本研究旨在确定阿曼马斯喀特省 HCWs 感染 COVID-19 的相关因素，并评估其对感染预防和控制（IPC）措施的遵守情况。
方法
本横断面研究涉及 2020 年 2 月至 6 月期间在阿曼卫生部卫生服务总局工作的实验室确诊 COVID-19 感染的 HCWs。使用通过基于网络的移动应用程序分发的自我管理问卷收集参与者的社会人口统计学特征、危险因素、既往病史和 IPC 措施的遵守情况的数据。
结果
共有 126 名确诊 COVID-19 感染的 HCWs 参加了这项研究。其中，72.2%为女性，53.2%在初级保健机构工作，61.1%为医生或护士。只有 18.1%的人年龄超过 45 岁，30.2%的人有既往病史。尽管 29.4%的人从未接受过 IPC 培训，但大多数人遵循推荐的手部卫生实践（96.8%）和社会距离协议（93.7%），并在常规患者护理中佩戴防护面罩（96.9%）。
结论
尽管大多数 HCWs 遵守了关键的 IPC 措施，但仍有三分之一的人从未接受过特定的 IPC 培训或面临 PPE 使用限制。建议对 HCWs，包括从事家政和行政职能的 HCWs 进行严格的 IPC 培训。此外，可以将高风险 HCWs 分配到远离活跃 COVID-19 病例的任务中。建议对卫生设施进行重组，以更好地遵守 IPC 标准。
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