Barott Katie L, Thies Angus B, Tresguerres Martin
Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
R Soc Open Sci. 2022 Jan 26;9(1):211449. doi: 10.1098/rsos.211449. eCollection 2022 Jan.
In reef-building corals (order Scleractinia) and giant clams (phylum Molluca), V-type H-ATPase (VHA) in host cells is part of a carbon concentrating mechanism (CCM) that regulates photosynthetic rates of their symbiotic algae. Here, we show that VHA plays a similar role in the sea anemone , a member of the order Actinaria and sister group to the Scleractinia, which in contrast to their colonial calcifying coral relatives is a solitary, soft-bodied taxa. Western blotting and immunofluorescence revealed that VHA was abundantly present in the host-derived symbiosome membrane surrounding the photosymbionts. Pharmacological inhibition of VHA activity in individual anemones resulted in an approximately 80% decrease of photosynthetic O production. These results extend the presence of a host-controlled VHA-dependent CCM to non-calcifying cnidarians of the order Actiniaria, suggesting it is widespread among photosymbiosis between aquatic invertebrates and algae.
在造礁珊瑚（石珊瑚目）和巨蛤（软体动物门）中，宿主细胞中的V型H⁺-ATP酶（VHA）是碳浓缩机制（CCM）的一部分，该机制调节其共生藻类的光合速率。在此，我们表明VHA在海葵中发挥类似作用，海葵属于海葵目，是石珊瑚目的姐妹类群，与其群居的钙化珊瑚亲属不同，海葵是独居的软体生物分类群。蛋白质免疫印迹法和免疫荧光显示，VHA大量存在于围绕光合共生体的宿主来源的共生体膜中。对单个海葵中VHA活性的药理学抑制导致光合氧产生量下降约80%。这些结果将宿主控制的依赖VHA的CCM的存在扩展到海葵目的非钙化刺胞动物，表明其在水生无脊椎动物与藻类之间的光合共生中广泛存在。
