Durand Guillaume, Arbone Ioana-Smarandita
Counselling, Psychotherapy, and Spirituality, St. Paul University, Ottawa, Canada.
University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
PeerJ. 2022 Jan 20;10:e12836. doi: 10.7717/peerj.12836. eCollection 2022.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting numerous executive functioning skills, such as organizational skills. While the relationship between the inattention aspect of ADHD and poor organizational skills is well documented, it is still unclear if lower organizational skills are only associated with ADHD or if they are also associated with other comorbid disorders commonly diagnosed in conjunction with ADHD. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between organizational skills and ADHD in adults, as well as the impact of comorbid disorders on ADHD in relation to organizational skills.
Four hundred seven ( = 201 with a diagnosis of ADHD) adults from the general population were recruited online. Participants completed a measure of organizational skills, measures assessing levels of ADHD, depression, and anxiety, and extensive demographic information related to their diagnosis of ADHD or other possible diagnosis.
Participants with a diagnosis of ADHD were significantly more likely to have a comorbid diagnosis of depression and/or anxiety. Organizational skills were significantly lower in individuals who reported having received a diagnosis of ADHD, but not in those with a past diagnosis of depression and anxiety. However, organizational skills were lower in individuals currently experiencing higher levels of depression and anxiety. The results of regression analyses suggest that levels of organizational skills are most strongly predicted by inattention and more weakly predicted by comorbid disorders.
These results highlight the centrality of organizational skills deficit in ADHD as well as the influence of the inattention component over other components commonly observed in ADHD on organizational skills. Suggestions for treatment of ADHD in adults are discussed.
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种神经发育障碍，会影响许多执行功能技能，如组织能力。虽然ADHD的注意力不集中方面与较差的组织能力之间的关系已有充分记录，但尚不清楚较低的组织能力是否仅与ADHD相关，还是也与通常与ADHD一起诊断出的其他共病障碍相关。本研究的目的是调查成年人的组织能力与ADHD之间的关系，以及共病障碍对ADHD在组织能力方面的影响。
从普通人群中在线招募了407名成年人（其中201人被诊断为ADHD）。参与者完成了一项组织能力测量、评估ADHD、抑郁和焦虑水平的测量，以及与他们的ADHD诊断或其他可能诊断相关的广泛人口统计学信息。
被诊断为ADHD的参与者更有可能同时被诊断为抑郁和/或焦虑。报告被诊断为ADHD的个体的组织能力显著较低，但过去被诊断为抑郁和焦虑的个体则不然。然而，目前抑郁和焦虑水平较高的个体的组织能力较低。回归分析结果表明，组织能力水平最强烈地由注意力不集中预测，而由共病障碍预测的程度较弱。
这些结果突出了ADHD中组织能力缺陷的核心地位，以及注意力不集中成分对ADHD中通常观察到的其他成分在组织能力方面的影响。讨论了成人ADHD的治疗建议。
