School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai 200093, China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2022 Feb 16;70(6):1810-1818. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06200. Epub 2022 Feb 4.
Quinoa contains rich saponins, which are removed during processing and cause ecological waste. We extracted saponins from quinoa (SEQ) in black, white, and red cultivars and compared their composition by spectrophotometric assay and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis combined with acid hydrolysis. The digestion and fermentation properties of SEQ were investigated using an in vitro model. Our results showed that acid hydrolysis released sapogenins, mainly phytolaccagenin (PA), hederagenin (HD), and oleanolic acid from SEQ. Varying from SEQ in red, SEQ in black and white had a similar composition and content of sapogenins. Gastrointestinal digestion did not release sapogenins from SEQ but reduced the antioxidant activity of SEQ. Gut microbiota from human feces released PA and HD from SEQ. Reciprocally, SEQ in black significantly increased the growth of spp. and spp., while reducing the growth of spp. The present study provides guidance for further investigation about the bioactivities of saponins from quinoa.
藜麦含有丰富的皂角苷，在加工过程中会被去除，造成生态浪费。我们从黑、白、红藜麦品种中提取了皂角苷（SEQ），并通过分光光度法和高效液相色谱分析结合酸水解比较了它们的组成。我们使用体外模型研究了 SEQ 的消化和发酵特性。结果表明，酸水解从 SEQ 中释放出皂角苷，主要为商陆皂素（PA）、远志酸（HD）和齐墩果酸。红藜麦中的 SEQ、黑藜麦和白藜麦中的 SEQ 的皂角苷组成和含量相似。胃肠道消化不会从 SEQ 中释放出皂角苷，但会降低 SEQ 的抗氧化活性。来自人粪便的肠道微生物群从 SEQ 中释放出 PA 和 HD。相反，黑藜麦中的 SEQ 显著增加了 spp. 和 spp.的生长，同时降低了 spp.的生长。本研究为进一步研究藜麦皂角苷的生物活性提供了指导。
