Fish-Wearable Data Snooping Platform for Underwater Energy Harvesting and Fish Behavior Monitoring.

Conventional approaches to studying fish kinematics pose a great challenge for the real-time monitoring of fish motion kinematics. Here, a multifunctional fish-wearable data snooping platform (FDSP) for studying fish kinematics is demonstrated based on an air sac triboelectric nanogenerator (AS-TENG) with antibacterial coating. The AS-TENG not only can harvest energy from fish swimming but also serves as the self-powered sensory module to monitor the swimming behavior of the fish. The peak output power generated from each swing of the fishtail can reach 0.74 mW, while its output voltage can reflect the real-time behavior of the fishtail. The antibacterial coating on the FDSP can improve its biocompatibility and the elastic texture of the FDSP allows it to be tightly attached to fish. The wireless communication system is designed to transmit the sensory data to a cell phone, where the detailed parameters of fish motion can be obtained, including swing angle, swing frequency, and even the typical swing gestures. This FDSP has broad application prospects in underwater self-powered sensors, wearable tracking devices, and soft robots.