一项关于护林员不稳定就业状况的国际范围审查。

An international scoping review of rangers' precarious employment conditions.

作者信息

Anagnostou Michelle, Gunn Virginia, Nibbs Oriona, Muntaner Carles, Doberstein Brent

机构信息

Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON Canada.

MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada.

出版信息

Environ Syst Decis. 2022;42(4):479-503. doi: 10.1007/s10669-022-09845-3. Epub 2022 Feb 1.

DOI:10.1007/s10669-022-09845-3

PMID:35127330

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8805139/

Abstract

UNLABELLED

Protecting wildlife and other natural resources requires engaging and empowering local communities, ensuring compliance with rules, and ongoing monitoring and research. At the frontline of these efforts are rangers. Despite their critical role in maintaining the integrity of parks and protected areas, rangers across the world are exposed to precarious employment conditions and hazardous work environments. We conducted an international scoping review to understand which employment and working conditions are examined in the context of the ranger occupation and to assess whether the concept of precarious employment is used in the conservation, criminological, and environmental sustainability literature on rangers. We reviewed publications from Web of Knowledge, Scopus, ProQuest, and Medline, and grey literature for relevant English language articles published between 2000 and 2021. Our findings are based on the analysis of 98 included studies. We found that the most commonly discussed aspect of rangers' employment and working conditions was the hazardous social and physical work environment, although this was often accompanied by severe income inadequacy, employment insecurity, and a lack of social security, regulatory support, and workplace rights. Such employment and working conditions can cause adverse impacts on rangers' mental and physical health, well-being, and safety, and are also detrimental to their ability to adequately protect biodiversity. We conclude by outlining the need for sustainable solutions and additional research based on established conceptualizations of the precarious employment concept and other related concepts. Lastly, we suggest that governments should acknowledge the importance of rangers through their recognition as essential workers and provide greater support to improve their employment conditions.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10669-022-09845-3.

摘要

未标注

保护野生动物和其他自然资源需要让当地社区参与并赋予其权力，确保遵守规则，以及持续的监测和研究。护林员处于这些工作的前沿。尽管护林员在维护公园和保护区的完整性方面发挥着关键作用，但世界各地的护林员面临着不稳定的就业条件和危险的工作环境。我们进行了一项国际范围审查，以了解在护林员职业背景下研究了哪些就业和工作条件，并评估不稳定就业概念是否在关于护林员的保护、犯罪学和环境可持续性文献中被使用。我们检索了Web of Knowledge、Scopus、ProQuest和Medline上的出版物，以及2000年至2021年间发表的相关英文灰色文献。我们的研究结果基于对98项纳入研究的分析。我们发现，护林员就业和工作条件中最常被讨论的方面是危险的社会和物理工作环境，尽管这往往伴随着严重的收入不足、就业不安全，以及缺乏社会保障、监管支持和工作场所权利。这样的就业和工作条件会对护林员的身心健康、福祉和安全造成不利影响，也不利于他们充分保护生物多样性的能力。我们通过概述基于不稳定就业概念和其他相关概念的既定概念化提出可持续解决方案和更多研究的必要性来得出结论。最后，我们建议政府应承认护林员作为 essential workers 的重要性，并提供更多支持以改善他们的就业条件。