Taftian Marzieh, Beigrezaei Sara, Arabi Vahid, Salehi-Abargouei Amin
Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Nutr Cancer. 2022;74(4):1222-1234. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1942081. Epub 2022 Feb 7.
Recently, Ketogenic diets have been investigated as an adjunct cancer treatment. This study aimed to summarize the effect of a ketogenic diet on weight in adults with cancer. Literature search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science (ISI), Scopus, and Google Scholar up to August 2020. The overall estimates were calculated through a random-effects model. A total of eight trials were eligible to be included in the current study. Meta-analysis revealed that a ketogenic diet significantly reduces body weight in cancer patients [weighted mean difference (WMD) = -3.992 kg, 95% confidence interval (CI): -7.417 to 0.566, = 0.022, = 7]. The subgroup analysis revealed that the decreasing effect remained significant in trials done in patients with breast cancer (WMD = -3.332 kg, 95%CI: -4.169 to -2.495, < 0.001, = 3) and in studies with >10 (WMD = -2.795, 95%CI: -4.053 to -1.537, < 0.001, = 3) and ≤10 weeks of duration (WMD = -7.257, 95%CI: -13.034 to -1.481, = 0.014, = 4). However, our findings did not support significant effect of ketogenic diets on body mass index (BMI) (WMD = -1.808 kg/m, 95%CI: -3.945 to 0.33, = 0.097, = 4). In conclusion, ketogenic diets might result to a weight loss in adults with cancer. Future well-designed randomized controlled clinical trials might warrant current findings.
最近，生酮饮食已被作为一种辅助癌症治疗方法进行研究。本研究旨在总结生酮饮食对成年癌症患者体重的影响。截至2020年8月，在PubMed/MEDLINE、科学网（ISI）、Scopus和谷歌学术上进行了文献检索。总体估计通过随机效应模型计算。共有八项试验符合纳入本研究的条件。荟萃分析显示，生酮饮食显著降低癌症患者的体重[加权平均差（WMD）=-3.992千克，95%置信区间（CI）：-7.417至0.566，P=0.022，I²=7]。亚组分析显示，在乳腺癌患者的试验中（WMD=-3.332千克，95%CI：-4.169至-2.495，P<0.001，I²=3）以及在持续时间>10周（WMD=-2.795，95%CI：-4.053至-1.537，P<0.001，I²=3）和≤10周（WMD=-7.257，95%CI：-13.034至-1.481，P=0.014，I²=4）的研究中，体重下降的效果仍然显著。然而，我们的研究结果不支持生酮饮食对体重指数（BMI）有显著影响（WMD=-1.808千克/米²，95%CI：-3.945至0.33，P=0.097，I²=4）。总之，生酮饮食可能会使成年癌症患者体重减轻。未来精心设计的随机对照临床试验可能会证实目前的研究结果。
