Amini Mohammad Reza, Aminianfar Azadeh, Naghshi Sina, Larijani Bagher, Esmaillzadeh Ahmad
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(13):3644-3657. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1867957. Epub 2021 Jan 14.
This study aimed to summarize earlier randomized controlled trials on the effects of ketogenic diet (KD) on body composition and anthropometric measures. Four databases were searched from inception to May 2020 using relevant keywords. All clinical trials investigating the effects of KD on body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), lean body mass (LBM), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and percentage body fat (PBF) in adults were included. Overall, 18 trials were included in the review. Pooled effect sizes revealed a significant effect of KD on BW (weighted mean differences [WMD]: -2.87 kg, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -3.84 to -1.89), BMI (WMD: -1.44 kg/ 95% CI: -2.07, -0.81), FM (WMD: -1.40 kg, 95% CI: -2.50, -0.30), FFM (WMD: -0.81 kg, 95% CI: -1.32, -0.30), LBM (WMD: -0.63 kg, 95% CI: -1.21, -0.06), WC (WMD: -3.23 cm, 95% CI: -4.38, -2.09), VAT (WMD: -28.91 g, 95% CI: -50.57, -7.24) and PBF (WMD: -2.81 kg, 95% CI: -3.82, -1.80), respectively. Taken together, the data suggest that KD has beneficial effects on BW, BMI, FM, FFM, LBM, WC, VAT, and PBF. However, the effectiveness of the long term effect of this dietary pattern is unclear.
本研究旨在总结早期关于生酮饮食（KD）对身体成分和人体测量指标影响的随机对照试验。使用相关关键词检索了四个数据库，检索时间从建库至2020年5月。纳入了所有研究KD对成人体重（BW）、体重指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、脂肪量（FM）、去脂体重（FFM）、瘦体重（LBM）、内脏脂肪组织（VAT）和体脂百分比（PBF）影响的临床试验。总体而言，该综述纳入了18项试验。汇总效应量显示，KD对BW（加权平均差[WMD]：-2.87 kg，95%置信区间[CI]：-3.84至-1.89）、BMI（WMD：-1.44 kg/95% CI：-2.07，-0.81）、FM（WMD：-1.40 kg，95% CI：-2.50，-0.30）、FFM（WMD：-0.81 kg，95% CI：-1.32，-0.30）、LBM（WMD：-0.63 kg，95% CI：-1.21，-0.06）、WC（WMD：-3.23 cm，95% CI：-4.38，-2.09）、VAT（WMD：-28.91 g，95% CI：-50.57，-7.24）和PBF（WMD：-2.81 kg，95% CI：-3.82，-1.80）分别有显著影响。综上所述，数据表明KD对BW、BMI、FM、FFM、LBM、WC、VAT和PBF有有益影响。然而，这种饮食模式长期效果的有效性尚不清楚。
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