Sreekumar Janardanan, Muhammed Sadiq P A, Raju Saravanan, Mukherjee Archana
ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Sreekariyam, Thiruvananthapuram 695 017, India.
J Genet. 2022;101.
The apocarotenoids play a vital role in plant growth and development process, especially strigolactones, which can induce rooting and help in the interaction with symbiotic microbes in plants. They also act as colorants, antioxidants, hormones, signalling components, scent/aroma constituents and chromophores. approaches are valuable in reducing the complexity regarding gene networks in plants that help to develop new biotechnological and bioinformatics tactics in crop improvement programmes. An comparative genomic analysis of the key enzymes encoding genes involved in apocarotenoid biosynthesis in cassava was carried out using template plants such as arabidopsis, tomato, potato and sweet potato. Forty carotenoid genes were identified, and the nucleotide sequences were subjected to various regulatory sequence analyses such as transcription factor prediction, CpG island analysis, microRNA regulatory analysis and promotor sequence analysis. The corresponding protein sequences were subjected to domain/motif analysis and phylogenetic analysis. The expression profile of apocarotenoid genes in cassava were generated and subcellular localization prediction was done to identify the distribution of the proteins. The results indicated that the apocarotenoid protein domains were conserved in template plants and cassava. Eighteen transcription factors like MYB, BBR-BPC, bHLH and NAC were associated with the identified carotenoid genes in cassava. The apocarotenoid genes were found to be expressed in all the major parts of the plants. These genes were distributed in 17 of 18 cassava chromosomes and the third one contained maximum number of genes. MiRNA regulatory analysis identified three microRNAs, namely miR159a, miR171b and miR396a which were significantly associated with carotenoid biosynthesis in cassava and the pathway was reconstructed by incorporating the above information. A better understanding of the genes and pathway associated with carotenoid biosynthesis in cassava would be helpful in the breeding programme to develop improved carotenoid rich varieties.
类胡萝卜素在植物生长和发育过程中起着至关重要的作用，尤其是独脚金内酯，它可以诱导生根并有助于植物与共生微生物的相互作用。它们还可作为色素、抗氧化剂、激素、信号成分、气味/香气成分和发色团。 方法对于降低植物基因网络的复杂性很有价值，有助于在作物改良计划中开发新的生物技术和生物信息学策略。利用拟南芥、番茄、马铃薯和甘薯等模板植物，对木薯中类胡萝卜素生物合成相关关键酶编码基因进行了比较基因组分析。鉴定出40个类胡萝卜素基因，并对其核苷酸序列进行了各种调控序列分析，如转录因子预测、CpG岛分析、微小RNA调控分析和启动子序列分析。对相应的蛋白质序列进行了结构域/基序分析和系统发育分析。生成了木薯中类胡萝卜素基因的表达谱，并进行了亚细胞定位预测以确定蛋白质的分布。结果表明，类胡萝卜素蛋白结构域在模板植物和木薯中是保守的。18种转录因子，如MYB、BBR-BPC、bHLH和NAC，与木薯中鉴定出的类胡萝卜素基因相关。发现类胡萝卜素基因在植物的所有主要部位都有表达。这些基因分布在18条木薯染色体中的17条上，第三条染色体包含的基因数量最多。微小RNA调控分析鉴定出三种微小RNA，即miR159a、miR171b和miR396a，它们与木薯中的类胡萝卜素生物合成显著相关，并通过整合上述信息重建了该途径。更好地了解木薯中与类胡萝卜素生物合成相关的基因和途径将有助于育种计划中培育富含类胡萝卜素的改良品种。
