Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
JBJS Rev. 2022 Feb 7;10(2):01874474-202202000-00004. doi: e21.00171.
»: The incidence of quadriceps tendon rupture is estimated to be 1.37 cases per 100,000 people/year, with a predilection for these injuries in patients who are ≥40 years of age.
»: Quadriceps tendon ruptures are more likely to occur in the presence of preexisting comorbidities such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, gout, chronic kidney disease, secondary hyperparathyroidism, diabetes mellitus, and peripheral vascular disease. The most common mechanism of injury is a simple fall.
»: Magnetic resonance imaging is the gold-standard test for diagnosing quadriceps tendon ruptures, with a reported sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of 1.0.
»: Complete tears require prompt surgical intervention; the most common technique is transosseous sutures passed through longitudinal patellar drill holes. Suture anchors have been proposed as an alternative method; they have shown superior biomechanical results in cadaveric models.
»: Early functional mobilization with full weight-bearing and progressive range-of-motion exercises is recommended for rehabilitation following injury.
：股四头肌腱断裂的发病率估计为每 100000 人中有 1.37 例，这些损伤多见于≥40 岁的患者。
：股四头肌腱断裂更可能发生在存在预先存在的合并症的情况下，如类风湿关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、痛风、慢性肾脏病、继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进、糖尿病和外周血管疾病。最常见的损伤机制是简单的跌倒。
：磁共振成像 (MRI) 是诊断股四头肌腱断裂的金标准，其敏感性、特异性和阳性预测值分别为 1.0。
：完全性撕裂需要及时手术干预；最常见的技术是经骨隧道穿过纵向髌骨钻孔的贯穿缝线。缝合锚钉被提议作为一种替代方法；它们在尸体模型中显示出优越的生物力学结果。
：受伤后建议早期进行功能活动，完全负重和渐进式关节活动度锻炼。
