Dawson R
Neuroendocrinology. 1986;42(2):158-66. doi: 10.1159/000124268.
Neonatal administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) to rodents results in severe damage to the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (AN). MSG-induced AN damage produces profound alterations in hypothalamic neurotransmitters and anterior pituitary function. Reproductive function is also severely compromised in both male and female MSG-treated rats. The present study investigated the developmental sequelae of MSG-induced alterations in hypothalamic monoamine metabolism as well as other aspects of MSG toxicity. Female rats given 4 mg/g of MSG on postnatal days 2 and 4 did not exhibit any significant alterations in hypothalamic monoamine metabolism on postnatal days 21 or 30, however, postpubertal MSG-treated females had significantly reduced levels of mediobasal hypothalamic (MBH) dopamine and DOPAC. In contrast, male MSG-treated rats had slight reductions in hypothalamic and MBH dopamine levels but these reductions were not statistically significant. Male MSG-treated rats did exhibit significant reductions in hypothalamic DOPAC on postnatal day 30 and MBH homovanillic acid (HVA) levels on day 100. Acetylcholine levels were also measured in the MBH and pituitary of adult male MSG-treated rats and found to be unaltered. The developmental profile of hypothalamic monoamines and their metabolites and MSG-induced alterations in dopamine and DOPAC levels in the MBH of female rats are discussed in relation to the neurochemical mechanisms involved in triggering puberty.
给新生啮齿动物注射味精（MSG）会导致下丘脑弓状核（AN）严重受损。味精诱导的AN损伤会引起下丘脑神经递质和垂体前叶功能的深刻改变。经味精处理的雄性和雌性大鼠的生殖功能也会受到严重损害。本研究调查了味精诱导的下丘脑单胺代谢改变的发育后遗症以及味精毒性的其他方面。在出生后第2天和第4天给予4mg/g味精的雌性大鼠在出生后第21天或第30天下丘脑单胺代谢未表现出任何显著改变，然而，青春期后经味精处理的雌性大鼠下丘脑中间基底部（MBH）多巴胺和3,4-二羟基苯乙酸（DOPAC）水平显著降低。相比之下，经味精处理的雄性大鼠下丘脑和MBH多巴胺水平略有降低，但这些降低无统计学意义。经味精处理的雄性大鼠在出生后第30天下丘脑DOPAC和第100天MBH高香草酸（HVA）水平确实显著降低。还测量了成年经味精处理的雄性大鼠MBH和垂体中的乙酰胆碱水平，发现其未改变。结合触发青春期所涉及的神经化学机制，讨论了雌性大鼠下丘脑单胺及其代谢产物的发育概况以及味精诱导的MBH中多巴胺和DOPAC水平的改变。
