Jequier S, Cramer B, Goodyer P, Kronick J, Reade T
Pediatr Radiol. 1986;16(2):135-9. doi: 10.1007/BF02386638.
Fifty-one patients aged 1 year to 56 years with metabolic bone disease underwent renal ultrasound. Medullary nephrocalcinosis was found in nine of 24 patients with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets and is considered to be iatrogenic, related to vitamin D therapy. Another three in this group of 24 with both medullary and cortical increased renal echogenicity had suffered from repeated episodes of vitamin D intoxication and had secondary hyperparathyroidism. Nephrocalcinosis was less frequent in patients with treated vitamin D-dependent rickets or hypophosphatemic bone disease where generally smaller doses of vitamin D are given. Patients with pseudohypoparathyroidism, on small doses of vitamin D, had a normal renal ultrasound. In cystinosis and Fanconi's syndrome, the kidneys are small, echodense (both the cortex and medulla) with a tendency to cyst formation.
51例年龄在1岁至56岁之间患有代谢性骨病的患者接受了肾脏超声检查。在24例X连锁低磷性佝偻病患者中，有9例发现了髓质肾钙质沉着症，被认为是医源性的，与维生素D治疗有关。在这24例同时存在髓质和皮质肾回声增强的患者中，另外3例曾反复发生维生素D中毒并患有继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进。在接受治疗的维生素D依赖性佝偻病或低磷性骨病患者中，肾钙质沉着症的发生率较低，这些患者通常给予较小剂量的维生素D。接受小剂量维生素D治疗的假性甲状旁腺功能减退患者肾脏超声检查结果正常。在胱氨酸病和范科尼综合征中，肾脏较小，回声增强（皮质和髓质均如此），并有形成囊肿的倾向。
