Population-Based Cancer Registry of Barretos Region, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Pio XII Foundation, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil.
Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2022 Apr 1;31(4):707-714. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-21-0842.
Population studies can serve as an essential source of information on cancer's etiology, and assessments of cancer trends over time can detect changes. This study aimed to provide statistics over time on cancer incidence and mortality in the Barretos Region, Brazil.
Cancer incidence data were obtained from the population-based cancer registry of the Barretos Region, and mortality data were obtained from the Official Federal Database from 2002 to 2016. Age-standardized rates for incidence and mortality were calculated. Joinpoint Regression software was used to estimate the average annual percentage changes (AAPC).
Age-standardized rates of incidence increased significantly for colon cancer (AAPC: 2.2), rectum and rectosigmoid (AAPC: 2.4), liver (AAPC: 4.7), female breast (AAPC: 2.2), and thyroid cancer (AAPC: 3.8) but decreased for esophageal (AAPC: -3.2), stomach (AAPC: -4.2), lung (AAPC: -2.0), and ovarian cancer (AAPC: -5.6). The mortality increased for liver cancer (AAPC: 2.3) and decreased for pharyngeal cancer (AAPC: -5.8), stomach cancer (AAPC: -6.6), cervical uterine cancer (AAPC: -5.9), prostate cancer (AAPC: -2.4), and ovarian cancer (AAPC: -3.3).
We observed decreases in some cancers related to tobacco smoking and cervical and stomach cancers related to infectious agents, showing strong regional and national prevention programs' successes. But, we also observed rises in many cancer sites linked to lifestyle factors, such as breast or colorectal cancer, without a sign of declining mortality.
These results can impact and support cancer control program implementation and improvement at the community level and extrapolate to the state level and/or the whole country.
人群研究可以为癌症病因学提供重要信息来源，并且对随时间推移的癌症趋势进行评估可以发现变化。本研究旨在提供巴西巴雷托斯地区随时间推移的癌症发病率和死亡率统计数据。
癌症发病率数据来自巴雷托斯地区基于人群的癌症登记处，死亡率数据来自 2002 年至 2016 年的官方联邦数据库。计算了发病率和死亡率的年龄标准化率。Joinpoint Regression 软件用于估计平均年度百分比变化（AAPC）。
结肠癌（AAPC：2.2）、直肠和直肠乙状结肠（AAPC：2.4）、肝癌（AAPC：4.7）、女性乳腺癌（AAPC：2.2）和甲状腺癌（AAPC：3.8）的年龄标准化发病率显著增加，但食管癌（AAPC：-3.2）、胃癌（AAPC：-4.2）、肺癌（AAPC：-2.0）和卵巢癌（AAPC：-5.6）的发病率则下降。肝癌的死亡率（AAPC：2.3）增加，而咽癌（AAPC：-5.8）、胃癌（AAPC：-6.6）、宫颈子宫癌（AAPC：-5.9）、前列腺癌（AAPC：-2.4）和卵巢癌（AAPC：-3.3）的死亡率则下降。
我们观察到一些与吸烟有关的癌症和与感染因子有关的宫颈癌和胃癌的发病率下降，这表明区域和国家预防计划取得了巨大成功。但是，我们也观察到许多与生活方式因素有关的癌症发病率上升，例如乳腺癌或结直肠癌，而死亡率没有下降的迹象。
这些结果可以影响和支持社区层面的癌症控制计划的实施和改进，并推广到州级或全国层面。
