Auerbach Randy P
Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Division of Clinical Developmental Neuroscience, Sackler Institute, New York, NY, USA.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2022 Apr;63(4):377-380. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.13582. Epub 2022 Feb 8.
About a decade ago, the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) proposed an innovative framework, the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), to classify psychiatric disorders. This complementary approach has been used with existing diagnostic systems to identify transdiagnostic factors that inform early detection of mental health disturbances and critically, provide novel targets for interventions. An additional goal, however, has been to clarify developmental processes and illness trajectories by operationalizing dimensional constructs during sensitive periods of neurofunctional development to capture the early emergence of behavioral alterations and impairment. As developmental factors are inherent to all RDoC systems and the units of analysis therein, NIMH shepherded developmental-oriented research with targeted funding opportunity announcements. This resulting work has highlighted promising phenotypes and biological markers related to psychiatric illness across the lifespan.
大约十年前，美国国立精神卫生研究所（NIMH）提出了一个创新框架——研究领域标准（RDoC），用于对精神疾病进行分类。这种互补方法已与现有的诊断系统一起使用，以识别跨诊断因素，这些因素有助于早期发现心理健康障碍，至关重要的是，为干预提供新的靶点。然而，另一个目标是通过在神经功能发育的敏感期对维度结构进行操作化，以捕捉行为改变和损伤的早期出现，从而阐明发育过程和疾病轨迹。由于发育因素是所有RDoC系统及其分析单位所固有的，NIMH通过有针对性的资助机会公告引领了以发育为导向的研究。由此产生的工作突出了与整个生命周期精神疾病相关的有前景的表型和生物标志物。
