Department of Environmental Microbiology, School for Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, (U.P.), India.
Department of Environmental Microbiology, School for Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, (U.P.), India.
Chemosphere. 2022 May;295:133892. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133892. Epub 2022 Feb 5.
Due to the presence of various organic contaminants, improper disposal of pulp-paper wastewater poses harm to the environment and human health. In this work, pulp-paper sludge (PPS) after secondary treatment were collected from M/s Century Pulp-paper Mills in India, the chemical nature of the organic pollutants was determined after solvent extraction. All the isolates were able to produce lipase (6.34-3.93 U ml) which could account for the different fatty acids detected in the PPS. The dominant strains were in the classes of α and γ Proteobacteria followed by Firmicutes. The Shannon-Weiner diversity indexes for phylotype richness for the culturable and non-culturable bacterial community were 2.01 and 3.01, respectively, indicating the non-culturable bacterial strains has higher species richness and diversity compared to the culturable bacterial strains. However, the culturable strains had higher species evenness (0.94 vs 0.90). Results suggested only a few isolated strains were resistant to the POPs in the PPS, where as non-cultural bacteria survived by entering viable but non-cultural state. The isolated strains (Brevundimonas diminuta, Aeromonas punctata, Enterobacter hormaechei, Citrobacter braakii, Bacillus pumilus and Brevundimonas terrae) are known for their multidrug resistance but their tolerance to POPs have not previously been reported and deserved further investigation. The findings of this research established the presence of POPs which influence the microbial population. Tertiary treatment is recommended prior to the safe disposal of pulp paper mill waste into the environment.
由于存在各种有机污染物，如果对纸浆废水处理不当，会对环境和人类健康造成危害。本研究采集了印度世纪纸业公司二级处理后的纸浆污泥（PPS），通过溶剂萃取确定了有机污染物的化学性质。所有分离株均能产生脂肪酶（6.34-3.93 U ml），这可以解释在 PPS 中检测到的不同脂肪酸。优势菌株属于α和γ变形菌门，其次是厚壁菌门。可培养和不可培养细菌群落的phylotype 丰富度的 Shannon-Weiner 多样性指数分别为 2.01 和 3.01，表明不可培养细菌菌株的物种丰富度和多样性高于可培养细菌菌株。然而，可培养菌株的物种均匀度更高（0.94 对 0.90）。结果表明，只有少数分离株对 PPS 中的持久性有机污染物具有抗性，而不可培养细菌则通过进入存活但非培养状态而存活。分离株（小单胞菌、斑点气单胞菌、霍氏肠杆菌、布氏柠檬酸杆菌、短小芽孢杆菌和土壤芽孢杆菌）以其多药耐药性而闻名，但它们对持久性有机污染物的耐受性以前并未报道过，值得进一步研究。本研究结果表明存在影响微生物种群的持久性有机污染物。建议在将纸浆造纸厂废物安全排放到环境中之前进行三级处理。
