Ngwidiwo Jacques Bikaula, Nkanga Mireille Solange Nganga, Munzengi Vandersal Salaboni, Epombo Eugène, Ngoy Yvon Wangi, Malengele Héritier Mawalala, Mokondjimobe Etienne, Mbenza Benjamin Longo
Department of Medical Biology, Kinshasa University Clinics, Faculty of Medicine, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Lomo University of Research, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Pan Afr Med J. 2021 Dec 8;40:211. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2021.40.211.29330. eCollection 2021.
cytobiochemical analysis of urine samples is the most requested complementary laboratory tool along with blood count. It has high predictive value in patients with urinary tract infections when it is properly done and scrupulously interpreted. The purpose of this study was to assess the rate, progression, determinants and cytobiochemical comorbidities of urinary tract infections.
we conducted a documentary, descriptive, analytical and comparative study of patients referred for cytobiochemical examinations of urine to the laboratories of the University Clinics in Kinshasa (UCK) between 2011 and 2014.
a total of 8926 cytobiochemical tests were requested, with less than 2% of biochemical tests. The study involved more women than men (6426 women vs 2500 men), with a sex ratio of 3F: 1M. Cytobiochemical tests were more requested in the 30-39-year age group (17%; n=1517) mand during the rainy seasons 72% (n=3511), with a peak in May. Urinary tract infections accounted for 54,8% [adjusted estimates n=4892 including E. coli (n=1937), Klebsiella (n=993)] and were mainly diagnosed over the period 2012-2014. There was an independent and significant association between female sex (adjusted OR = 3.5; CI = 95%; 3.1-3.8; P<0.0001), admission during the rainy seasons (adjusted OR = 1.3; CI = 95%; 1.2-1.4; P<0.0001) and urinary tract infection.
urinary tract infection was a major concern for female patients admitted during the rainy seasons and over the years 2012-2014 at the UCK. Urinary tract infections were rare over the Nina year 2011 after the hottest El Nino year, while the rate of urinary tract infections was the same over the years 2012-2014, which were relatively hot before the the hottest El Nino year 2015. This study highlights that there is an interaction between the hot and humid tropical climatic conditions of the city of Kinshasa and the global cold climate, in the context of climate variability, global warming, which may explain the outbreak of urinary infections in Kinshasa.
尿样的细胞生化分析是除血细胞计数外最常被要求做的辅助实验室检查项目。如果操作得当且解读严谨，它对尿路感染患者具有较高的预测价值。本研究的目的是评估尿路感染的发生率、进展情况、决定因素及细胞生化合并症。
我们对2011年至2014年间转诊至金沙萨大学诊所（UCK）实验室进行尿细胞生化检查的患者进行了文献研究、描述性研究、分析性研究和对比研究。
共要求进行8926次细胞生化检测，其中生化检测不到2%。参与研究的女性多于男性（6426名女性对2500名男性），性别比为3:1。30 - 39岁年龄组对细胞生化检测的需求更高（17%；n = 1517），雨季时需求占72%（n = 3511），5月份达到峰值。尿路感染占54.8%[校正估计值n = 4892，包括大肠杆菌（n = 1937）、克雷伯菌（n = 993）]，主要在2012 - 2014年期间被诊断出来。女性（校正比值比 = 3.5；置信区间 = 95%；3.1 - 3.8；P < 0.0001）、雨季入院（校正比值比 = 1.3；置信区间 = 95%；1.2 - 1.4；P < 0.0001）与尿路感染之间存在独立且显著的关联。
在UCK，2012 - 2014年期间以及雨季入院的女性患者中，尿路感染是一个主要问题。在经历最热的厄尔尼诺年之后的2011年全年尿路感染较少，而在2015年最热的厄尔尼诺年之前相对较热的2012 - 2014年期间尿路感染发生率相同。本研究强调，在气候多变、全球变暖的背景下，金沙萨炎热潮湿的热带气候条件与全球寒冷气候之间存在相互作用，这可能解释了金沙萨尿路感染的爆发。
