Nitte University Centre for Science Education & Research (NUCSER), NITTE (Deemed to be University), Paneer Campus, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, Karnataka, India.
K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, NITTE (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, Karnataka, India.
Future Oncol. 2022 Apr;18(13):1609-1626. doi: 10.2217/fon-2021-1137. Epub 2022 Feb 9.
Effective cancer treatment is an urgent need due to the rising incidence of cancer. One of the most promising future strategies in cancer treatment is using microorganisms as cancer indicators, prophylactic agents, immune activators, vaccines or vectors in antitumor therapy. The success of bacteria-mediated chemotherapy will be dependent on the balance of therapeutic benefit and the control of bacterial infection in the body. Additionally, protozoans and viruses have the potential to be used in cancer therapy. This review summarizes how these microorganisms interact with tumor microenvironments and the challenges of a 'bugs as drugs' approach in cancer therapy. Several standpoints are discussed, such as bacteria as vectors for gene therapy that shuttle therapeutic compounds into tumor tissues, their intrinsic antitumor activities and their combination with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Bug-based cancer therapy is a two-edged sword and we need to find the opportunities by overcoming the challenges.
由于癌症发病率的上升，有效的癌症治疗是当务之急。在癌症治疗中，最有前途的未来策略之一是将微生物用作癌症标志物、预防剂、免疫激活剂、疫苗或抗肿瘤治疗中的载体。细菌介导的化疗的成功将取决于治疗益处的平衡和对体内细菌感染的控制。此外，原生动物和病毒有可能用于癌症治疗。这篇综述总结了这些微生物如何与肿瘤微环境相互作用，以及在癌症治疗中采用“以菌治癌”方法的挑战。讨论了几个观点，例如细菌作为载体将治疗化合物输送到肿瘤组织的基因治疗，其内在的抗肿瘤活性以及与化疗或放疗的联合应用。基于微生物的癌症治疗是一把双刃剑，我们需要通过克服挑战来找到机会。
