Universidade Federal do Amapá - UNIFAP, Graduate Program in Tropical Biodiversity - PPGBIO, Macapá, AP, Brasil.
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, Aquaculture and Fisheries Laboratory, Macapá, AP, Brasil.
Braz J Biol. 2022 Feb 4;84:e255493. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.255493. eCollection 2022.
The demand for products to replace high-cost raw materials, such oil and fish meal, in the manufacture of feed for use in aquaculture, while also guaranteeing the nutritional quality of the diets, is increasing. Silage produced with fish and vegetables residues is a low-cost and efficient protein source. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the physiological and biochemical responses of tambaqui fingerlings fed four different levels of silage included in commercial feed with 28% crude protein, over two periods: 45 and 90 days. Each treatment was carried out over three replications, with 10 tambaqui in each 100 L experimental tank. At the end of each established period, blood samples were collected from five animals from each repetition to determine the hematological and biochemical variables. Body weight and total length, hepatosomatic and liposomal indices and hematocrit of specimens fed with diets supplemented with silage did not exhibit significant changes in both assessment period. After 45 days of feeding, the hemoglobin concentration increased when tambaqui were fed a diet including 20% silage. The red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin did not change between treatments in either period. The total protein concentrations increased significantly in the plasma of tambaqui fed with diets with the inclusion of 5 and 10% of silage, evaluated after feeding for 45 days. It was found that the groups which had silage included in their diet did not exhibit significant alterations in the evaluated parameters, and the diet was therefore not consider harmful to the health of tambaqui. Therefore, the use of silage as a feed supplement during tambaqui farming is a sustainable alternative for producers, as it leads to a reduction of impacts of fish and vegetables waste disposal.
在水产养殖中，人们对于替代高成本原材料（如油和鱼粉）来生产饲料的需求不断增加，同时还要保证饲料的营养价值。用鱼类和蔬菜残渣制成的青贮饲料是一种低成本、高效的蛋白质来源。本研究的目的是评估在 28%粗蛋白的商业饲料中添加四种不同水平青贮饲料对为期 45 和 90 天的尖吻鲈幼鱼的生理和生化反应。每个处理进行三次重复，每个 100 升实验缸中养殖 10 条尖吻鲈。在每个规定的时间段结束时，从每个重复的 5 条动物中采集血液样本，以确定血液学和生化变量。在两个评估期内，饲喂添加青贮饲料的日粮的尖吻鲈的体重和全长、肝体和脂体指数以及血细胞比容均未发生显著变化。在饲喂 45 天后，当尖吻鲈饲喂含有 20%青贮饲料的日粮时，血红蛋白浓度增加。在两个时间段的任何处理中，红细胞计数、平均红细胞体积和平均红细胞血红蛋白均未发生变化。在饲喂 45 天后，在血浆中总蛋白浓度在饲喂添加 5%和 10%青贮饲料的日粮的尖吻鲈中显著增加。研究发现，在评估的参数中，添加青贮饲料的组没有明显的变化，因此该日粮不会对尖吻鲈的健康造成危害。因此，在尖吻鲈养殖中使用青贮饲料作为饲料补充是一种可持续的选择，因为它可以减少鱼类和蔬菜废物处理的影响。
