Taizhou Shi Zhong Yiyuan, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Taizhou Hospital, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China.
Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China.
J Healthc Eng. 2022 Jan 31;2022:8606693. doi: 10.1155/2022/8606693. eCollection 2022.
There was currently no consensus on whether chewing gum should be widely instituted as a means to help reduce anxiety and stress. Chewing gum was also not included in guidelines for alleviating anxiety and stress. The purpose of this study was of two aspects: (1) to review the research progress of the relationship between gum chewing and anxiety and stress in recent years and (2) to make a meta-analysis of the effects of mastication on anxiety and stress. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies extracted from PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of chewing gum on anxiety, and stress was evaluated through screening, inclusion, data extraction, and quality assessment. The meta-analysis we performed was using Review Manager 5.3 software. We included a total of 8 RCTs, involving more than 400 adults over 18 years old. Compared with no chewing gum, chewing gum resulted in anxiety (MD = -0.26, 95% CI (-0.48, -0.04), =0.02, = 11%), where the heterogeneity was low and statistically significant. While in stress (MD = -0.27, 95% CI (-0.79, -0.25), =0.31, = 48%), the heterogeneity was high, and there was of no statistical significance. Based on current evidence, chewing gum is an inexpensive, well-tolerated, safe, and effective way to relieve anxiety and stress. To confirm the conclusion, we still need to conduct more randomized trials.
目前对于是否应广泛采用咀嚼口香糖作为减轻焦虑和压力的手段还没有共识。咀嚼口香糖也没有被纳入缓解焦虑和压力的指南中。本研究的目的有两个方面：（1）综述近年来咀嚼口香糖与焦虑和压力之间关系的研究进展；（2）对口香糖对焦虑和压力影响的效果进行荟萃分析。我们从PubMed、Cochrane 图书馆和 Embase 中提取研究进行荟萃分析，以确定评估口香糖对焦虑和压力疗效的随机对照试验（RCT），通过筛选、纳入、数据提取和质量评估来评估压力。我们进行的荟萃分析使用 Review Manager 5.3 软件。我们共纳入了 8 项 RCT，涉及超过 400 名 18 岁以上的成年人。与不咀嚼口香糖相比，咀嚼口香糖可降低焦虑（MD=-0.26，95%CI（-0.48，-0.04），=0.02， =11%），异质性低且具有统计学意义。而在压力方面（MD=-0.27，95%CI（-0.79，-0.25），=0.31， =48%），异质性高，无统计学意义。基于目前的证据，咀嚼口香糖是一种廉价、耐受良好、安全且有效的缓解焦虑和压力的方法。为了确认这一结论，我们仍需要开展更多的随机试验。
