Zhong Wei, Hu Liang, Zhao Yang, Li Zhen, Zhuo Yong, Jiang Xuemei, Li Jian, Zhao Xilun, Che Lianqiang, Feng Bin, Lin Yan, Xu Shengyu, Fang Zhengfeng, Wu De
Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education of China, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2022 Jan 24;8:771228. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.771228. eCollection 2021.
This study investigated the effects of dietary choline levels during gestation on reproductive performance of sows. In addition, the plasma metabolome and gut microbiota of sows was studied. A total of 260 multiparous sows were allocated to five dietary treatment groups with increasing choline concentrations (1,050, 1,450, 1,850, 2,250, and 2,650 mg/kg) in a randomized complete block design. The sows were fed experimental diets from breeding until farrowing and a common lactating diet during lactation. The results showed that the backfat (BF) gain of sows during gestation, individual birth weight for total piglets born, piglets born alive, average piglet weight at weaning increased linearly ( < 0.05), whereas the within-litter birth weight variation coefficient (CV) of piglets born alive and suckling piglet mortality decreased linearly ( < 0.05) as dietary choline level increased. A quadratic effect of dietary choline level was observed for the average daily feed intake (ADFI) of sows during lactation ( < 0.05). ADFI was maximized when the dietary choline concentration reached 1,910 mg/kg. Plasma HO concentration at day 30 of gestation in the 1,050 mg/kg group was greater than that in the 1,850 and 2,650 mg/kg groups ( < 0.05). Plasma metabolomics identified 46 metabolites among the three groups. Specifically, plasma concentrations of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), dopamine, and L-proline increased while 1-methylhistidine concentration decreased as dietary choline levels increased. In addition, bacterial observed species and richness (Chao 1 and ACE) at day 110 of gestation decreased as dietary choline levels increased ( < 0.05). For the gut microbiota composition, the enhanced dietary choline level decreased the abundance of phylum ( < 0.05) and increased the abundance of phylum ( < 0.05) at day 30 of gestation. Compared with the 1,050 mg/kg group, the abundance of genus was less in the 1,850 mg/kg group, and genera and were greater in the 2,650 mg/kg group. In summary, increasing dietary choline levels improved the birth weight, uniformity of neonatal piglets and litter performance during lactation. This may be associated with better antioxidant capability, metabolic status, and gut microbiota of sows during gestation.
本研究调查了妊娠期日粮胆碱水平对母猪繁殖性能的影响。此外，还研究了母猪的血浆代谢组和肠道微生物群。总共260头经产母猪被随机完全区组设计分配到五个日粮处理组，胆碱浓度逐渐增加（1050、1450、1850、2250和2650毫克/千克）。母猪从配种到分娩期间饲喂试验日粮，哺乳期饲喂普通泌乳日粮。结果表明，随着日粮胆碱水平的增加，妊娠期母猪的背膘（BF）增加、总产仔个体出生体重、活产仔数、断奶时仔猪平均体重呈线性增加（P<0.05），而活产仔猪的窝内出生体重变异系数（CV）和哺乳仔猪死亡率呈线性下降（P<0.05）。观察到哺乳期母猪的平均日采食量（ADFI）受日粮胆碱水平的二次效应影响（P<0.05）。当日粮胆碱浓度达到1910毫克/千克时，ADFI达到最大值。1050毫克/千克组妊娠3
