Barker David, Scandi Matteo, Lehmann Sebastian, Thelander Claes, Dick Kimberly A, Perarnau-Llobet Martí, Maisi Ville F
NanoLund and Solid State Physics, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden.
ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels (Barcelona) 08860, Spain.
Phys Rev Lett. 2022 Jan 28;128(4):040602. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.040602.
We study experimentally work fluctuations in a Szilard engine that extracts work from information encoded as the occupancy of an electron level in a semiconductor quantum dot. We show that as the average work extracted per bit of information increases toward the Landauer limit k_{B}Tln2, the work fluctuations decrease in accordance with the work fluctuation-dissipation relation. We compare the results to a protocol without measurement and feedback and show that when no information is used, the work output and fluctuations vanish simultaneously, contrasting the information-to-energy conversion case where increasing amount of work is produced with decreasing fluctuations. Our study highlights the importance of fluctuations in the design of information-to-work conversion processes.
我们通过实验研究了西拉德引擎中的功涨落，该引擎从编码为半导体量子点中电子能级占据情况的信息中提取功。我们表明，随着每比特信息提取的平均功朝着兰道尔极限(k_{B}T\ln2)增加，功涨落根据功涨落 - 耗散关系而减小。我们将结果与无测量和反馈的协议进行比较，并表明当不使用信息时，功输出和涨落同时消失，这与信息到能量转换的情况形成对比，在信息到能量转换中，产生的功量增加而涨落减小。我们的研究突出了涨落在信息到功转换过程设计中的重要性。
