Onishchenko O, Guarnieri G, Rosillo-Rodes P, Pijn D, Hilder J, Poschinger U G, Perarnau-Llobet M, Eisert J, Schmidt-Kaler F
QUANTUM, Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
Department of Physics and INFN - Sezione di Pavia, University of Pavia, Via Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
Nat Commun. 2024 Aug 14;15(1):6974. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-51263-3.
Quantum thermodynamics is aimed at grasping thermodynamic laws as they apply to thermal machines operating in the deep quantum regime, where coherence and entanglement are expected to matter. Despite substantial progress, however, it has remained difficult to develop thermal machines in which such quantum effects are observed to be of pivotal importance. In this work, we demonstrate the possibility to experimentally measure and benchmark a genuine quantum correction, induced by quantum friction, to the classical work fluctuation-dissipation relation. This is achieved by combining laser-induced coherent Hamiltonian rotations and energy measurements on a trapped ion. Our results demonstrate that recent developments in stochastic quantum thermodynamics can be used to benchmark and unambiguously distinguish genuine quantum coherent signatures generated along driving protocols, even in presence of experimental SPAM errors and, most importantly, beyond the regimes for which theoretical predictions are available (e.g., in slow driving).
量子热力学旨在理解热力学定律如何应用于在深度量子 regime 中运行的热机，在该 regime 中，相干性和纠缠预计会起重要作用。然而，尽管取得了重大进展，但开发出能观察到此类量子效应至关重要的热机仍然很困难。在这项工作中，我们展示了通过实验测量并标定由量子摩擦引起的对经典功涨落 - 耗散关系的真正量子修正的可能性。这是通过在捕获离子上结合激光诱导的相干哈密顿旋转和能量测量来实现的。我们的结果表明，随机量子热力学的最新进展可用于标定并明确区分沿驱动协议产生的真正量子相干特征，即使存在实验中的单光子加噪误差，并且最重要的是，超出了有理论预测的 regime（例如在慢驱动情况下）。
