Asiedu Kofi, Markoulli Maria, Bonini Stefano, Bron Anthony J, Dogru Murat, Kwai Natalie, Poynten Ann, Willcox Mark D P, Krishnan Arun V
School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Department of Ophthalmology, University Campus Biomedico, Rome, Italy.
Exp Eye Res. 2022 May;218:108973. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.108973. Epub 2022 Feb 9.
Ocular surface neuropeptides are vital molecules primarily involved in maintaining ocular surface integrity and homeostasis. They also serve as communication channels between the nervous system and the immune system, maintaining the homeostasis of the ocular surface. Tear film and ocular surface neuropeptides have a role in disease often due to abnormalities in their synthesis (either high or low production), signaling through defective receptors, or both. This creates imbalances in otherwise normal physiological processes. They have been observed to be altered in many ocular surface and systemic diseases including dry eye disease, ocular allergy, keratoconus, LASIK-induced dry eye, pterygium, neurotrophic keratitis, corneal graft rejection, microbial keratitis, headaches and diabetes. This review examines the characteristics of neuropeptides, their synthesis and their signaling through G-protein coupled receptors. The review also explores the types of neuropeptides within the tears and ocular surface, and how they change in ocular and systemic diseases.
眼表神经肽是主要参与维持眼表完整性和内环境稳定的重要分子。它们还作为神经系统和免疫系统之间的通信通道，维持眼表的内环境稳定。泪膜和眼表神经肽在疾病中起作用，通常是由于它们合成异常（产量过高或过低）、通过有缺陷的受体进行信号传导，或两者兼而有之。这在原本正常的生理过程中造成失衡。在许多眼表和全身性疾病中都观察到它们发生了改变，包括干眼病、眼部过敏、圆锥角膜、准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（LASIK）引起的干眼、翼状胬肉、神经营养性角膜炎、角膜移植排斥反应、微生物性角膜炎、头痛和糖尿病。本综述探讨了神经肽的特性、它们的合成以及通过G蛋白偶联受体的信号传导。该综述还探讨了泪液和眼表中的神经肽类型，以及它们在眼部和全身性疾病中的变化情况。
