Cai Hua, Meignin Carine, Imler Jean-Luc
Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UPR9022, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2022 Feb;74:183-189. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.01.005. Epub 2022 Feb 8.
The cGAS-STING pathway plays a central role in the detection of DNA in the cytosol of mammalian cells and activation of immunity. Although the early evolutionary origin of this pathway in animals has been noted, its ancestral functions have remained elusive so far. We review here new findings in invertebrates establishing a role in sensing and signaling infection, triggering potent transcriptional responses, in addition to autophagy. Results from flies and moths/butterflies point to the importance of STING signaling in antiviral immunity in insects. The recent characterization of cGAS-like receptors in Drosophila reveals the plasticity of this family of pattern-recognition receptors, able to accommodate ligands different from DNA and to produce cyclic dinucleotides beyond 2'3'-cGAMP.
cGAS-STING通路在哺乳动物细胞胞质溶胶中检测DNA及激活免疫方面发挥着核心作用。尽管该通路在动物中的早期进化起源已被提及，但其原始功能至今仍不清楚。我们在此回顾无脊椎动物中的新发现，这些发现表明该通路在感知和传递感染信号、触发强效转录反应以及自噬方面发挥作用。果蝇和蛾/蝴蝶的研究结果表明STING信号在昆虫抗病毒免疫中具有重要性。最近在果蝇中对cGAS样受体的表征揭示了这类模式识别受体家族的可塑性，它们能够容纳不同于DNA的配体并产生除2'3'-cGAMP之外的环二核苷酸。
