Ebrahimiyan Hamidreza, Tamimi Amirhossein, Shokoohian Bahareh, Minaei Neda, Memarnejadian Arash, Hossein-Khannazer Nikoo, Hassan Moustapha, Vosough Massoud
Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
Sernova Corp., London, Ontario, Canada.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 May;106:108587. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108587. Epub 2022 Feb 9.
CAR-T (chimeric antigen receptor T cell) technology, which has recently showed successful results in the treatment of hematological tumors, has been the focus of attention as one of the most potent approaches in tumor immunotherapy. However, side effects and limitations of this application, such as the risk of graft versus host disease (GvHD), make it challenging to be as accessible as other treatments. Natural killer cells (NK) could be transplanted without alloreactivity, making them as an off-the-shelf product. CAR-NK (chimeric antigen receptor NK cell) therapy can circumvent some serious limitations of CAR-T cell therapy. Application of CAR-NK cells have some considerable advantages over CAR-T cells. These include lack of cytokine release syndrome (CRS), neurotoxicity, and GvHD when using allogenic CAR-T cell. These features lessen the risk of tumor antigen loss and disease relapse. Moreover, NK cells which were derived from different sources, can make the CAR therapy more feasible. In this narrative review, we outlined the key features of CAR-NK cells as an alternative to CAR-T cell therapy in cancer immunotherapy and highlighted the main advantages.
嵌合抗原受体T细胞（CAR-T）技术最近在血液肿瘤治疗中取得了成功，作为肿瘤免疫治疗中最有效的方法之一，一直备受关注。然而，这种应用的副作用和局限性，如移植物抗宿主病（GvHD）风险，使其难以像其他治疗方法那样广泛应用。自然杀伤细胞（NK）可以无同种异体反应性地进行移植，使其成为一种现成可用的产品。嵌合抗原受体NK细胞（CAR-NK）疗法可以规避CAR-T细胞疗法的一些严重局限性。与CAR-T细胞相比，CAR-NK细胞的应用具有一些显著优势。这些优势包括在使用同种异体CAR-T细胞时不会出现细胞因子释放综合征（CRS）、神经毒性和GvHD。这些特性降低了肿瘤抗原丢失和疾病复发的风险。此外，来自不同来源的NK细胞可以使CAR疗法更可行。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们概述了CAR-NK细胞作为癌症免疫治疗中CAR-T细胞疗法替代方案的关键特性，并强调了主要优势。
