Chodak G W, Wald V, Parmer E, Watanabe H, Ohe H, Saitoh M
J Urol. 1986 May;135(5):951-4. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)45935-0.
The ability to detect prostatic cancer by transrectal ultrasonography was evaluated in a prospective blind study of 216 men. The sensitivity of transrectal ultrasonography was 86 per cent but the specificity was only 41 per cent. Tumors less than 1 cm. in diameter were most difficult to detect by transrectal ultrasonography. The positive and negative predictive values of transrectal ultrasonography were 36 and 89 per cent, respectively. Abnormal scans that strongly suggested carcinoma were present in 10 per cent of the men who had a normal digital examination but no biopsy was performed. Transrectal ultrasound is a sensitive method to detect all but small prostatic tumors and it can detect tumors that are not evident by digital examination. To date, however, transrectal ultrasonography may be difficult to use for routine screening in the United States because of the low positive predictive value. Nevertheless, further investigation of this technique is warranted to define its role in improving the diagnosis of prostatic cancer.
在一项针对216名男性的前瞻性盲法研究中，对经直肠超声检查检测前列腺癌的能力进行了评估。经直肠超声检查的敏感性为86%，但特异性仅为41%。直径小于1厘米的肿瘤最难通过经直肠超声检查检测到。经直肠超声检查的阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为36%和89%。在直肠指检正常但未进行活检的男性中，10%的人经直肠超声扫描结果异常且强烈提示为癌。经直肠超声是一种检测除小前列腺肿瘤外所有前列腺肿瘤的敏感方法，它能检测出直肠指检无法发现的肿瘤。然而，由于阳性预测值较低，目前在美国经直肠超声检查可能难以用于常规筛查。尽管如此，仍有必要对该技术进行进一步研究，以明确其在改善前列腺癌诊断中的作用。
