Caba Antonia E, Mallory Allen B, Simon Kay A, Rathus Taylor, Watson Ryan J
Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, 348 Mansfield Road, U-1058, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
College of Education & Human Ecology Department of Human Sciences Program of Human Development & Family Sciences Campbell Hall 130C, 1787 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
J Youth Adolesc. 2022 Apr;51(4):746-765. doi: 10.1007/s10964-022-01580-x. Epub 2022 Feb 12.
Prior scholarship has documented health-relevant consequences of sexual minority youth (SMY) sexual identity disclosure (i.e., "outness"), yet most of the extant work focuses on one social context at a time and/or measures outness as dichotomous: out or not out. However, SMY are out in some contexts (e.g., family, friends) and not in others, and to varying degrees (e.g., to some friends, but not to all). Using a national sample of 8884 SMY ages 13-17 (45% cisgender female, 67% White, 38% gay/lesbian and 34% bisexual, and 36% from the U.S. South), this study used latent class analysis to identify complex patterns of outness among SMY, as well differences in class membership by demographics, depression, family rejection, and bullying. The results indicated six distinct classes: out to all but teachers (n = 1033), out to siblings and peers (n = 1808), out to siblings and LGBTQ peers (n = 1707), out to LGBTQ peers (n = 1376), mostly not out (n = 1653), and very much not out (n = 1307). The findings reveal significant differences in class membership by age, sexual identity, gender identity, race and ethnicity, geography, and well-being outcomes. Moreover, these findings underscore the complex role of outness across social contexts in shaping health and well-being.
先前的学术研究已经记录了性少数青年（SMY）性取向披露（即“出柜”）对健康的相关影响，但现有的大多数研究一次只关注一种社会环境，并且/或者将出柜程度衡量为二分法：出柜或未出柜。然而，性少数青年在某些环境（例如家庭、朋友）中出柜，而在其他环境中则不然，而且程度也各不相同（例如，向一些朋友出柜，但不是全部）。本研究以全国范围内13至17岁的8884名性少数青年为样本（45%为顺性别女性，67%为白人，38%为同性恋/女同性恋，34%为双性恋，36%来自美国南部），使用潜在类别分析来识别性少数青年出柜的复杂模式，以及按人口统计学、抑郁、家庭排斥和欺凌划分的类别成员差异。结果表明有六个不同的类别：除教师外向所有人出柜（n = 1033）、向兄弟姐妹和同龄人出柜（n = 1808）、向兄弟姐妹和 LGBTQ 同龄人出柜（n = 1707）、向 LGBTQ 同龄人出柜（n = 1376）、大多未出柜（n = 1653）和非常未出柜（n = 1307）。研究结果揭示了在年龄、性取向、性别认同、种族和民族、地理位置以及幸福结果方面，类别成员存在显著差异。此外，这些发现强调了出柜在不同社会环境中对塑造健康和幸福的复杂作用。
