Institute for Ecology and Environmental Resources, Chongqing Academy of Social Sciences, Chongqing, 400020, China.
Research Center for Ecological Security and Green Development, Chongqing Academy of Social Sciences, Chongqing, 400020, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Jun;29(30):45837-45847. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-19173-3. Epub 2022 Feb 12.
Identifying and improving the existing ecological security patterns (ESPs) are of great importance to promoting ecological security and achieving sustainable development goals. The Three Gorges Reservoir Region (TGRR) is an area with a sensitive, fragile, and complex ecological environment in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River. The construction of ESPs for the TGRR is significant for maintaining regional ecosystem stability and promoting peaceful coexistence between humans and nature. The main objective of the study is to identify the ecological nodes, ecological corridors, and ecological sources that play essential roles in the ecosystem. Based on land use data and human interference factors, we have evaluated the current habitat quality using the InVEST model and identified vital ecological sources for the TGRR. The negative exponential transformation function was used to convert habitat suitability into a landscape resistance layer. Circuit theory modeling was utilized to identify ecological corridors, and the final ESPs of the TGRR were then constructed. Results showed that (a) the spatial distribution of habitat varied significantly in the TGRR. The optimal habitats were concentrated in the northeast, east, and southwest, accounting for 45.98% of the total suitable habitats; (b) habitat quality varied through space, with habitat quality being higher in the northeast and lower in the western regions. (c) Ecological sources were distributed primarily in the forests with high vegetation coverage in the east. The total area of ecological sources was about 15,412 km, approximately accounting for 34% of the study area; (d) the ESPs were dominated by ecological sources composed of forests, which were radially connected by ecological corridors. In total, these included 14 significant ecological sources, 25 clusters of ecological corridors, and 23 ecological nodes. The results are of great significance to promote the ecological security of the TGRR and could provide theoretical support for biodiversity conservation and territorial space planning for the Three Gorges Region.
识别和改善现有的生态安全格局（ESP）对于促进生态安全和实现可持续发展目标至关重要。三峡库区（TGRR）是长江上游生态环境敏感、脆弱、复杂的地区。构建 TGRR 的 ESP 对于维护区域生态系统稳定，促进人与自然和谐共生具有重要意义。本研究的主要目的是识别对生态系统起关键作用的生态节点、生态廊道和生态源。基于土地利用数据和人为干扰因素，我们使用 InVEST 模型评估了当前的生境质量，并确定了 TGRR 的重要生态源。采用负指数变换函数将生境适宜性转化为景观阻力层。利用电路理论模型识别生态廊道，并最终构建 TGRR 的 ESP。结果表明：（a）TGRR 生境空间分布差异显著，最适生境集中在东北部、东部和西南部，占总适宜生境的 45.98%；（b）生境质量存在空间差异，东北部质量较高，西部质量较低；（c）生态源主要分布在植被覆盖度较高的东部森林中。生态源总面积约为 15412km，约占研究区的 34%；（d）ESP 主要由森林组成的生态源径向连接，由生态廊道组成。共有 14 个重要的生态源、25 个生态廊道群和 23 个生态节点。研究结果对促进 TGRR 的生态安全具有重要意义，可为三峡地区的生物多样性保护和国土空间规划提供理论支持。
