Key Laboratory of 3-Dimensional Information Acquisition and Application, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 10;20(4):3138. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20043138.
Habitat quality (HQ) is an important indicator to characterize the level of biodiversity and ecosystem services, and can reflect the quality of the human living environment. Changes in land use can disturb regional HQ. Current research mostly focuses on assessing the good or bad quality of regional habitats, and less on the spatial response relationship between land use change and HQ, and even fewer studies on finely distinguishing the impact of land use types on HQ. Therefore, taking Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA) of China as the study area, this paper first analyzes the land use change of study area by using the land use transfer matrix, land use rate model and landscape pattern index, and then combines the InVEST model with the multi-scale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model to build a refined assessment framework to quantitatively assess the spatial and temporal evolution patterns of HQ, and then analyse in detail the spatial response relationship of each land use type change on the impact of HQ. The results showed that from 2000 to 2020, the land use in the TGRA shows a changing state of "urban expansion, cultivated land shrinkage, forest land growth, and grassland degradation". With the change in land use, the habitat quality index (HQI) in the study area showed an " increase first and then decline" change characteristics, and the HQ degradation was more obvious in the areas with intense human activities. The impact of land use change over the past 20 years on HQ in the TGRA has significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity, with changes in paddy and dryland having mainly negative impacts on HQ, and changes in sparse land, shrubland, and medium-cover grassland having mainly positive impacts on HQ. This paper mainly provides a research framework for refined assessment, and the results can provide scientific support for land planning and ecological protection in the TGRA, and the research methods and ideas can provide references for similar research.
生境质量（HQ）是表征生物多样性和生态系统服务水平的重要指标，能够反映人类居住环境的质量。土地利用变化会干扰区域 HQ。当前的研究大多集中在评估区域栖息地的好坏质量上，较少关注土地利用变化与 HQ 的空间响应关系，甚至更少研究精细区分土地利用类型对 HQ 的影响。因此，本文以中国三峡库区（TGRA）为研究区，首先利用土地利用转移矩阵、土地利用率模型和景观格局指数分析研究区的土地利用变化，然后结合 InVEST 模型和多尺度地理加权回归（MGWR）模型构建精细化评估框架，定量评估 HQ 的时空演变格局，然后详细分析各土地利用类型变化对 HQ 影响的空间响应关系。结果表明，2000 年至 2020 年，TGRA 的土地利用呈现“城镇扩张、耕地缩减、林地增长、草地退化”的变化态势。随着土地利用的变化，研究区生境质量指数（HQI）呈现“先增后减”的变化特征，人类活动强烈的区域 HQ 退化更为明显。过去 20 年土地利用变化对 TGRA HQ 的影响具有显著的时空异质性，水田和旱地的变化主要对 HQ 产生负面影响，稀疏土地、灌丛和中覆盖草地的变化主要对 HQ 产生积极影响。本文主要为精细化评估提供了研究框架，研究结果可为 TGRA 的土地规划和生态保护提供科学支撑，研究方法和思路可为类似研究提供参考。
