Carter R
Parasitology. 1978 Jun;76(3):241-67. doi: 10.1017/s0031182000048137.
Electrophoretic variation of the enzymes glucose phosphate isomerase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase (NADP-dependent) has been studied in the African murine malaria parasites Plasmodium berghei, P. yoelii, P. vinckei and P. chabaudi and their subspecies. Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis was used throughout. The number of isolates examined in each subspecies varied from 1 (P. y. nigeriensis) to 24 (P. c. chabaudi). Extensive enzyme variation was found among isolates of most of the subspecies from which more than two such isolates were available for study. It is clear that the phenomenon of enzyme polymorphism is of common occurrence among malaria parasites. With the exception of P. berghei and P. yoelii, of which all isolates share an identical electrophoretic form of lactate dehydrogenase, no enzyme forms are shared between any of the 4 species of murine plasmodia. By contrast, within each species common enzyme forms are shared among each of the subspecies. The subspecies are nevertheless, distinguished from each other by the electrophoretic forms of at least one enzyme. The distribution and reassortment of enzyme variation among isolates of a single subspecies is in accordance with the concept of malaria parasites as sexually reproducing organisms. The study of variation among parasites present in individual wild-caught rodent hosts demonstrates that natural malarial infections usually comprise genetically heterogeneous populations of parasites. Nevertheless, the number of genetically distinct types of parasite of any one species present in a single infected host appears to be small. Generally not more than 2 or 3 clones of parasite of distinct genetic constitution are present in a single infected animal.
已对非洲鼠疟原虫伯氏疟原虫、约氏疟原虫、文氏疟原虫和查巴迪疟原虫及其亚种中的磷酸葡萄糖异构酶、6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶、乳酸脱氢酶和谷氨酸脱氢酶（依赖于烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸）的电泳变异进行了研究。整个过程采用水平淀粉凝胶电泳。每个亚种检测的分离株数量从1株（约氏疟原虫尼日尔亚种）到24株（查巴迪疟原虫查巴迪亚种）不等。在大多数有两个以上分离株可供研究的亚种分离株中发现了广泛的酶变异。显然，酶多态性现象在疟原虫中普遍存在。除了伯氏疟原虫和约氏疟原虫的所有分离株都具有相同的乳酸脱氢酶电泳形式外，这4种鼠疟原虫之间没有共享任何酶形式。相比之下，在每个物种内，各亚种之间共享常见的酶形式。然而，亚种之间至少通过一种酶的电泳形式相互区分。单个亚种分离株中酶变异的分布和重新组合符合疟原虫作为有性繁殖生物体的概念。对单个野生捕获啮齿动物宿主中存在的寄生虫变异的研究表明，自然疟疾感染通常由遗传异质的寄生虫群体组成。然而，单个感染宿主中任何一个物种的遗传上不同类型的寄生虫数量似乎很少。通常，单个感染动物中存在的遗传组成不同的寄生虫克隆不超过2或3个。
