Watson J, Campbell S
Obstet Gynecol. 1986 Apr;67(4):589-93.
Thirty-eight cases of nonimmune hydrops fetalis were evaluated by detailed real-time ultrasonography and two-dimensional echocardiography. Before ultrasound evaluation, all mothers had a complete blood count, titers for toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes (TORCH screen), serum albumin, and a Kleihauer-Betke stain of a peripheral blood smear. Karyotyping of fetal fibroblasts or lymphocytes was performed if these examinations were not diagnostic. A probable etiology was found in 27 (71%) cases. These were chromosome abnormality (nine), pulmonary (three), viral (three), hematologic (two), transient ascites (two), renal (one), skeletal (two), and gastrointestinal (one). Despite extensive antenatal and postmortem examinations, no etiology was found in 11 (28.9%) cases. Although early diagnosis was accomplished in many cases allowing for the option of antenatal therapy, the survival rate was 23.7%, similar to previous reports.
对38例非免疫性胎儿水肿病例进行了详细的实时超声检查和二维超声心动图检查。在超声评估前，所有母亲均进行了全血细胞计数、弓形虫、风疹、巨细胞病毒和疱疹病毒（TORCH筛查）滴度检测、血清白蛋白检测以及外周血涂片的克莱豪尔-贝特克染色。如果这些检查无法确诊，则对胎儿成纤维细胞或淋巴细胞进行核型分析。在27例（71%）病例中发现了可能的病因。这些病因包括染色体异常（9例）、肺部疾病（3例）、病毒感染（3例）、血液系统疾病（2例）、短暂性腹水（2例）、肾脏疾病（1例）、骨骼疾病（2例）和胃肠道疾病（1例）。尽管进行了广泛的产前和产后检查，但仍有11例（28.9%）病例未发现病因。尽管许多病例实现了早期诊断，从而可以选择产前治疗，但生存率为23.7%，与先前的报道相似。
